Determinants Of Entrepreneurial Intentions Among Fresh Graduates In Nigeria
Abstract
The significance of fresh graduates in a developing country like Nigeria can not be overemphasized, thus, precedence should be given to the study of the factors that goad entrepreneurial intentions among graduates in Nigeria with a view to promoting better programs and programs aimed at turning emphasis on entrepreneurship as a tool for profitable growth and development. This study seeks to probe empirically the factors impacting the entrepreneurial intentions of fresh graduates. The area of this study covers station, private morals, perceived behavioural control and tone- efficacity and how these impact the intentions of graduates to come entrepreneurs. Primary data were collected through structured questionnaire and related literatures were reviewed. Data was anatomized using descriptive statistics and suppositions was tested using one- way analysis of friction( ANOVA) fashion. The finding suggests that the four factors examined has significant relationship with entrepreneurial intentions. It was thus recommended that entrepreneurial values be promoted among graduates and graduates should be exposed to the chops needed by entrepreneurs.
Chapter One
Preface
Background Of The Study
The part of intentions has been conceded to be applicable in the directorial literature( Sutton, 1998). Studies have shown that intentions have the capability to prognosticate both individual geste ( Ajzen, 1991) and organizational issues similar as survival, development and growth( Mitchel, 1981). Hence, the capability to understand and prognosticate intentions becomes a point of interest for both directors and entrepreneurs( Tubbs and Ekeberg, 1991).
Intentions have been proved to be the stylish predictors of individual behaviours particularly when the geste is rare, hard to observe or involves changeable time lags. The establishment of new gambles and the creation of new values in being bones , which have been linked by Bird( 1988) as the two issues of entrepreneurial intentions are good exemplifications of similar behaviours. It has been argued that utmost behaviours of social applicability similar as health- related behaviours or the establishment of new associations are under voluntary control.
Intention refers to a state of mind directing a person’s attention( and thus experience and action) towards a specific object or path in order to achieve commodity. Entrepreneurial intention refers to a cognitive representation of conduct to be enforced by individualities to either establish new independent adventure or produce new value within being companies.
It’s clearly true that entrepreneurial ideas begin with alleviation; though intentions are demanded in order for them to come manifest. Krueger( 2000), argued that existent don’t start a business as a kickback, but they do it designedly. Hence, especially at the birth of an association, the impact of entrepreneur’s intention is predominant; as a consequence, the author’s intention determines the form and direction of a incipient association at its commencement.
Statement Of Problem And Research Questions
The position of severance of graduates in Nigeria has come a public issue as the figures of graduates from public and private advanced educational institutions that join the job request increases each time. Academic qualifications can no longer guarantee immediate employment upon scale, rather graduates are needed to show a positive station towards the changing job request by probing entrepreneurship as a possible base for a career. In fact entrepreneurship would help these new graduates develop their own career and also ease the current severance issue by expanding the job request. Entrepreneurship is thus the result to the problem of severance.
The capability of new graduates to engage in entrepreneurial geste depends on a number of factors, therefore there’s need to conduct a study fastening on the entrepreneurial intentions and the factors affecting new graduates decision to engage in entrepreneurial geste .
This will thus bear the following questions
1 What’s the effect of station on entrepreneurial intention?
2 What’s the effect of private morals on entrepreneurial intention?
3 What’s the effect of perceived behavioural control on entrepreneurial intention?
4 What’s the effect of tone- efficacity on entrepreneurial intention?
Exploration Suppositions
The following thesis will be tested in the study
Ho1. There’s no significant relationship between Perceived behavioural control and entrepreneurial intentions.
Ho2. There’s no significant relationship between tone- efficacity and entrepreneurial intentions.
Ho3. There’s no significant relationship between station and entrepreneurial intentions.
Ho4. There’s no significant relationship between private norm and entrepreneurial intention.
Objects Of The Study
The major end of this study is to determine and probe the factors impact on the entrepreneurial intentions of fresh graduates. Other appurtenant objects includes
2 To determine the effect of station on entrepreneurial intentions
3 To determine the effect of private norm on entrepreneurial intentions
4 To determine the effect of perceived behavioural control on entrepreneurial intentions
5 To determine the effect of tone- efficacity on entrepreneurial intentions.
Significance Of The Study
Several exploration studies live in the field of entrepreneurship and enrepreneurship intentions of university scholars( Turker and Selcuk, 2008) and fresh graduates in Nigeria( Shittu and Dosunmu, 2014). There’s no living study on the factorial analysis of entrepreneurial intention among fresh graduates in Nigeria. The only study close to this study is that of shiitu and Dosunmu,( 2014) but it only looked at family background as a factor affecting entrepreneurial intention. Hence this study is significant to the extent that’s seeks to fill this knowledge gap by examining other factors similar as station, private norm, perceived behavioural control and tone- efficacity and their impact on entrepreneurial intention of fresh graduates in Nigeria.
The study will also form the base for farther studies and contribute to being body of literatures in the field of entrepreneurship. It’ll also serve as a pointer to the result of the problem of severance of fresh graduates in Nigeria.
Limitations Of The Study
Several challenges were encountered in this study which are considered as limitations. originally, this exploration study is entirely grounded on tone- reported measures. A social advisability bias may appear in our study because subjects occasionally respond to checks in a manner that make themselves meet society’s solicitations. An obscurity guarantee was comforted to the repliers. Some substantiation shows that a tone- report of dishonest geste can be relatively accurate and the bias should have no impact on the testing of the model( Beck and Ajzen, 1991; Becker etal., 2006). Second, the dependent variable used in this study is the intention to engage in entrepreneurial geste rather than the factual geste itself. Indeed though numerous experimenters have indicated that behavioural intention is an acceptable deputy of factual geste ( Allen, Fuller and luckett, 1998), the tone- report system is still private to the bias of CMV.
Incipiently, despite its expansive operation, proposition of planned geste has been blamed that it doesn’t sufficiently evoke affective aspects for making decision. By introducing affective variables similar as fear, mood and enjoyment, the friction explained in intention can be greatly increased. thus unborn exploration might consider including affective variables into the proposition of planned geste .
Compass Of The Study
This study concentrate specifically on the factors affecting entrepreneurial intentions of fresh graduate in Nigeria. It examines four factors similar as station, private morals, perceived behavioural control and tone- efficacity. The study is confined to only fresh graduates in Delta State, issele- uku NYSC camp. It’s hoped that the views of these fresh graduates will reflect the views of other fresh graduates in the country.