Knowledge On Cause And Prevention Of Anaemia Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic

Knowledge On Cause And Prevention Of Anaemia Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic

Abstract

This study was carried out to examine knowledge on cause and forestallment of anaemia among pregnant women attending prenatal clinic with a special reference to mama and child sanitarium Akure, Ondo state. Specifically, the study examined the causes of anaemia among pregnant women attending prenatal clinic. The study also estimate if pregnant women attending prenatal clinic have a knowledge on the forestallment of anaemia. The study further find out the effect of anaemia on pregnant women attending prenatal clinic. Incipiently, the study estimate the preventative measures pregnant women can cleave to so as not to contract anaemia. The study employed the check descriptive exploration design. A aggregate of 30 responses were validated from the check. From the responses attained and anatomized, the findings revealed that the causes of anaemia among pregnant women are iron insufficiency, folate insufficiency anemia, vitamin B12 scarcities and contagious conditions, similar as malaria, tuberculosis, HIV and parasitic infections. Also, pregnant women attending prenatal clinic have a knowledge on the forestallment of anaemia. likewise, some of the effect of anaemia among pregnant women are increase in the threat of unseasonable birth, low birth weight baby, postpartum depression, and rapid-fire or irregular twinkle. Incipiently, some of the ways pregnant women can help anaemia is to eat iron-rich foods similar as meat, funk, fish, eggs, dried sap and fortified grains, eat foods high in folic acid, similar as dried sap, dark green leafy vegetables, wheat origin and orange juice, eat foods high in vitamin C, similar as citrus fruits and fresh, raw vegetables and take your antenatal multivitamin and mineral lozenge which contains redundant folate. The study thereby recommend that Public enlightenment juggernauts should be embarked upon to acclimatize the public on what anaemia is, its causes, threat factors and complications. Also, health education and creation, especially to encourage all pregnant women to bespeak beforehand for prenatal care and to take applicable intervention measures. Information, Education and Communication( IEC) sweats should be directed towards adding situations of mindfulness and commitment at all situations. likewise, strategies should be put in place to increase mindfulness on anaemia. These should include dispersion of information via prenatal and under- five conventions, public radio, and community development meetings conducted by extension workers. More so, education of the girl- child should be made mandatory to avoid teenage and unplanned gestation. This can also help in delaying first gestation. Incipiently, distribution of iron tablets in communities targeted at adolescent girls and women after marriage and before generality, as well as in theinter-pregnancy period will help iron insufficiency at the onset of a gestation.

Chapter One

Preface

Background of the study

Anaemia describes a situation in which there’s a reduction of haemoglobin attention in the blood of pregnant women to a position below 11g/ dl. Anaemia is one of the most common nutritive insufficiency conditions observed encyclopedically and affects further than a quarter of the world’s population( 1). Encyclopedically, anaemia affects1.62 billion people( 25), among which 56 million are pregnant women( 4 and 1). It’s estimated that41.8 of pregnant women worldwide are anaemic. At least half of this anaemia burden is assumed to be due to iron insufficiency. Iron insufficiency anaemia( IDA) is the most common nutritive complaint in the world affecting 2 billion people worldwide with pregnant women particularly at threat( 1). In developing countries, the frequence of anaemia during gestation is60.0 and about7.0 of the women are oppressively anaemic( 4). In Africa57.1 of pregnant women are anaemic( d6). Sub-Saharan Africa is the most affected region, with frequence of anaemia estimated to be17.2 million among pregnant women. This constitutes to roughly 30 of total global cases( 1). In Nigeria the frequence of anaemia among pregnant women is55.1 and amongnon-pregnant women is46.4. Anaemia during gestation is considered severe when haemoglobin attention is lower than7.0 g/ dl, moderate when the haemoglobin attention is7.0 to9.9 g/ dl, and mild when haemoglobin attention is10.0 to10.9 g/ dl( 5,7, and 8). When the frequence of anaemia among pregnant women is40.0 or further, it’s considered as a severe public health problem( 10).

Anaemia during gestation has a variety of causes and contributing factors. Iron insufficiency is the cause of 75 of anaemia cases during gestation( 9). contagious conditions similar as malaria, helminthes infestations and HIV are intertwined with high frequence of anaemia insub-Saharan Africa( 11). Loss of appetite and inordinate vomiting in gestation and heavy menstrual inflow before gestation are also proved causes of anaemia during gestation( 13). Socio- profitable conditions, abnormal demands like multiple gravidity, teenage gravidity, motherly ignorance, severance/ underemployment, short gestation intervals, age of gravidity, primigravida and multigravida( 15), smoking, inordinate alcohol consumption, are the main contributing factors of anaemia during gestation( 12).

Anaemia during gestation is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnant women and babies in developing countries. In 2013, an estimated 289,000 women failed worldwide. Developing countries regard for 99( 286 000) of the global motherly deaths with sub- Saharan Africa region alone account for 62( 179 000). About 800 women a day are still dying from complications in gestation and parturition encyclopedically. Anaemia contributes to 20 of all motherly deaths. Anaemia in gestation causes low birth weight( 14), fetal impairment and child deaths. Iron insufficiency anaemia affects the development of the nation by dwindling the cognitive and motor development of children and productivity of grown-ups( 16). Deficiency of folic acid during gestation can affect in developing neural tube disfigurement that develops in embryos during the first many weeks of gestation leading to deformations of the chine, cranium, and brain( 17).

Statement of the problem

In Nigeria, the frequence of anaemia among pregnant women is55.1. If the frequence of anaemia among pregnant women is40.0 or further, it’s considered as a severe public health problem( 20). Anaemia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnant women and increases the pitfalls of foetal, neonatal and overall child mortality. In 2013, an estimated 289,000 women failed worldwide. Developing countries regard for 99( 286 000) of the global motherly deaths with sub- Saharan Africa region alone account for 62( 179 000). About 800 women a day are still dying from complications in gestation and parturition encyclopedically( 18). Anaemia during gestation contributes to 20 of all motherly deaths. According to the KDHS 2008- 09, motherly deaths increased from in 2003 to in 2008- 09 far from meeting MDG target pretensions for motherly mortality. From this information it can be estimated that the high frequence of anaemia among pregnant women in Nigeria is considered to be the main factor for motherly death( 1).

Anaemia during gestation is also a major threat factor for low birth weight, preterm birth and intrauterine growth restriction( 19). Deficiency in folic acid during gestation can affect in serious neural tube disfigurement, heart blights and cleft lips( Wilcox etal., 2007), branch blights, and urinary tract anomalies.

Pregnant women attending prenatal conventions in Nigeria are routinely put on iron supplementation throughout their gestation. still, the frequence of anaemia among pregnant women is still high. also the available data concerning frequence and specific ethologic factors of anaemia during gestation in Nigeria are limited.

Objects Of The Study

The general ideal of the study is the knowledge on cause and forestallment of anaemia among pregnant women attending prenatal clinic, the specific objects are as follows

To examine the causes of anaemia among pregnant women attending prenatal clinic.

To estimate if pregnant women attending prenatal clinic have a knowledge on the forestallment of anaemia.

To find out the effect of anaemia on pregnant women attending prenatal clinic.

To estimate the preventative measures pregnant women can cleave to so as not to contract anaemia.

Exploration Questions

1. What are the causes of anaemia among pregnant women attending prenatal clinic?

2. Do pregnant women attending prenatal clinic have a knowledge on the forestallment of anaemia?

3. What are the the effect of anaemia on pregnant women attending prenatal clinic?

4. what are the preventative measures pregnant women can cleave to so as not to contract anaemia?

Exploration Thesis

HO Pregnant women attending prenatal clinic have no knowledge on the forestallment of anaemia.

H1 Pregnant women attending prenatal clinic have a knowledge on the forestallment of anaemia.