Level Of Awareness And Prevention Of Anaemia In Pregnancy Among Pregnant Women

Level Of Awareness And Prevention Of Anaemia In Pregnancy Among Pregnant Women

Chapter One

Preface

Background of study

Anemia is defined as the condition in which there’s dropped position of hemoglobin( Hb) or red blood cells than the normal value( Eltayeb etal., 2014). According to the 2008 World Health Organization( WHO) report, anemia affected1.62 billion(24.8) people encyclopedically( WHO, 2008). roughly 51 of pregnant women were anticipated to be anaemic in 2001(G.C.). The frequence in developing countries was 56 and 18 in advanced countries( Bick etal., 2006). The most recent global estimates suggest that the frequence of anemia is41.8 among pregnant women and30.2 amongnon-pregnant women( WHO, 2008; Bhutta etal., 2012). In Africa,57.1 of the pregnant women were anaemic. According to Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey( EDHS) report of 2011, the figures are stated to be lower putting the frequence of anemia in pregnant women at 22 at the country position and24.9 in Oromia Regional State encompassing the study area( CSA, 2011). The threat of anemia is high in women who are premenopausal and/ or pregnant. This is substantially due to menstrual blood loss, increased demand to support the fetus, puerperal blood loss, and it’s generally aggravated by nutritive insufficiency that’s common in developing countries( Bick etal., 2006). Anemia contributes to nearly 120,000 motherly deaths encyclopedically and laterally to nearly a fifth( 18) of the burden of motherly mortality. In addition to motherly deaths, there are several adverse health issues associated with anemia including preterm delivery, intrauterine fetal death, bearings, neonatal mortality, low birth weight( LBW) and poor cognitive development in the seed( Bhutta etal., 2012; Melku etal., 2014). In developing countries, motherly anemia during gestation is a product of numerous factors, similar as motherly malaria, intestinal parasitic infection, intermittent infection, reduced salutary inputs, equality and micronutrient scarcities just to name but many( Bhutta etal., 2012; Ugwuja, etal., 2011; Haidar, 2010). Among the micronutrient scarcities the most common encountered are iron insufficiency anemia( IDA) and folate insufficiency 2 megaloblastic anemia. Of all anemia diagnosed during gestation, 75 are due to iron insufficiency. Iron insufficiency( ID) alone affects nearly 20 of the world’s population( Bick etal., 2006). The odds for developing anemia were 60 more likely in the iron-deficient and 40 more likely in the folic acid deficient. One in every three women had anemia and insufficiency of folic acid while one in every two had iron insufficiency, suggesting that scarcities of both folic acid and iron constitute the major micronutrient scarcities in Ethiopian women( Haidar, 2010). piecemeal from iron and folate insufficiency cobalamin( Vit B12) insufficiency has been shown to regard for some cases of anemia( Morris etal., 2007; Khan etal., 2010). Studies show that iron input in Ethiopia is acceptable( Gibson etal., 2008), still anemia is still a health concern affecting 22 of pregnant women( WHO, 2008) leading to ruinous issues of gestation and delivery necessitating studies to be conducted on other micronutrients which could play an important part on the circumstance of anemia. In the present study the socio- demographic and obstetric characters and tube situations of iron, folate and cobalamin, was estimated in anaemic( case) andnon-anaemic( control) pregnant women to ascertain the impact these factors have on motherly anemia and the possible relations among them.

Statement of problem

Anemia is a major public health problem each around the world and indeed more in developing countries like Ethiopia with a frequence of 22( CSA, 2011). Anemia could be the consequence of numerous factors similar as infections, micronutrient insufficiency, blood loss or inheritable diseases( Bhuta etal., 2012; Ugwuja, etal., 2011; Haidar, 2010). Of all the micronutrients that are presumed to be prepping factors ID has been considerably assessed but others like folate and cobalamin, should also be assessed as they’ve been shown to have great impact on development of anemia on inquiries done on other countries( Gibson etal., 2008; Khan etal., 2010; Knovich etal., 2008).

Exploration Objects

The general ideal of this study was

To assess the frequence of anemia among pregnant women attending prenatal care in Anantigha Calabr south LGA, Cross River.

Specific objects

To indicate the frequence of anemia among cases who attend in Anantigha Calabr south LGA, Cross River.

To measure the Hb position of the actors

To identify factors related to anemia in the study population.