DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF MICRO-CONTROLLER BASED MULTI-PURPOSE SECURITY SYSTEM WITH DIRECTIONS

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF MICRO-CONTROLLER BASED MULTI-PURPOSE SECURITY SYSTEM WITH DIRECTIONS

ABSTRACT

This project describes the design and construction of a microcontroller-based multi-purpose security system with instructions that can be used in the military to provide the highest level of security/safety in the cantonment. This electronic system is configured with four sensors at the input to monitor enemies/intruders through the sides and rare view, as well as to monitor fire-outbreaks within the cantonment. A password-operated door is installed at the main entrance to monitor unauthorized access to the cantonment’s ammoury. The outputs of these sensors are fed into a signal conditioning circuit, which serves as the control logic, and the outputs of this circuit are fed into port 0 of the 8051 microcontroller, which contains real-time software written in assembly language to simulate the entire hardware. A 7-segment display At the output port of the 8051, a unit and a buzzer driven by transistors are interfaced to display the location of the intruder in figure and to alert security by sounding an alarm, respectively. Because it incorporates an intelligent device, a microcontroller, this system provides everything required to eliminate security inconveniences.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1   GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

Industrial Electronics has altered the entire field of engineering, and technology is advancing at an alarming rate, even in developing countries. This is due to the fact that newer technologies outnumber older ones. With the development of computers in the 1950s, the world moved from the Industrial Revolution to the Information Age.

As a result, mechantronics, a principle that combines the use of mechanical and electrical means, has taken over the majority of industrial electronics, which is essential in modern technology.

Security, which is one of the most important aspects of any productive business, has been declining in Nigeria. Most industries have gone bankrupt due to their inability to meet the security standards required in today’s world. Similarly, some homes and offices have misplaced important documents.

criminals have easy access to properties. As a result, there is an urgent need for significant security measures to improve people’s living standards, boost development, and put an end to the threat of insecurity. That is the reason as a student of Electrical/Electronics Engineering I decided to embark on a project named “Microcontroller Based Multipurpose Security Device with Direction”.

This electronic system is made up of four sensors that are made up of opto couplers that are realized with a combination of laser beam from a laser diode coupled into a cadmium sulfide photocell (c.d.s photocell).

This component functions as an electronic eye, conditioning the output of optocouplers with a Schmitt trigger NAND gate controlLogic (74 Ls 132) TTL chip. Port 0 receives the output of the 132 chips.

of the 8051 microcontroller. A keypad encoder with eight keys is connected to port 1 of the 8051 microcontroller. An electromagnetic relay driven by a Darlington pair transistor static switch is connected to the microcontroller’s port 2. The door prime mover servo motors are connected to an AC circuit. The electromagnetic relay’s normally open contact. Through a single transistor static switch, a buzzer is also connected to port 2.

The entire system is designed in such a way that whenever someone attempts to enter through the back door, the electronic eyes (optocoupler) installed at the respective locations detect the presence and trigger a buzzer alarm at the cantonment’s security department, while a seven-segment display shows the exact location of the intruder.

The intruder. A pulsating alarm is triggered when the fire detector detects a fire outbreak in the cantonment.

When a user wants to enter the ammunition house, he enters the exact password, and the gate opens and closes on its own. If an invalid password is entered, an alarm is raised at the security department, and the intruder’s exact location is displayed on the seven-segment display unit.

1.2  OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The goal of this project is to design and implement a microcontroller-based multipurpose security device capable of securing a military cantonment from fire outbreak, intruder location and detection, and controlling access to the cantonment’s strong room. Another goal of this project is to familiarize the graduating student with electronic system design and implementation using a microcontroller. This project also aims to familiarize young engineers with engineering, technical, and scientific writing skills, which are extremely useful in their professional practice. Another goal of this project is to familiarize these graduating students with real-time software programming (Assembly Language).

1.3  THE PROJECT SIGNIFICANCE

The project construction work is used in a variety of places, including a military cantonment to provide security against enemies, fire outbreaks, and unauthorized access into their strong room, bank strong room doors to prevent intruders, and office doors and modern buildings. This project is also for security surveillance using closed circuit television (CCTv). This type of project can also be used in JAMB and WAEC strong room doors.

1.4 THE PROJECT REPORT ORGANIZATION

This project’s realization is presented in chapters for clarity. The first chapter provides a brief overview of the project. The second chapter is titled the literature review, and the third is the system design. Chapter four discusses implementation and construction methods, while Chapter five discusses testing and integration. The sixth chapter is all about the problems encountered, the recommendations, and the conclusion.