Hate Crime:the Underlying Cause Of Perpetual Insurgency In Nigeria ( A case study of Bornu State)

Hate Crime:the Underlying Cause Of Perpetual Insurgency In Nigeria ( A case study of Bornu State)

Chapter One

Preface

Background Of The Study

Nigeria faces serious pitfalls to its political security as a result of insurrection and unreasonableness. colorful exemplifications of domestic and transnational unreasonableness have been observed around the globe in recent decades. insurrection as an systematized movement aimed at the defeat of a constituted government, causing chaos and steering of conflict through the use of subversion and fortified conflict. insurrection could appear in form terrorism, banditry, hijacking and violent heads making up for the instability of a home. insurrection poses a serious trouble to not only lives, property, civil rights, integrity, and popular ideals, but also to Nigeria’s veritably fabric and nature. Whether internationalized or localized, it’s substantially politically motivated, but it may also show supplementary motives of a religious, profitable or social kind( Chukwurah, Eme and Ogbeje 2015371).

The pitfalls of insurrection has boosted and assumed global dimension in recent times. Nigeria, is gulfed in a terrorism delirium of a scale and inflexibility noway seen ahead. The terrorist groups began by attacking security forces on an intermittent base. They progressed to attempts against christian churches, seminaries, and other public areas over time. Since also, the use of extemporized explosive bias( IEDs), self-murder bombing, hijacking and hijacking has led to the insurrection’s ever- deteriorating complexion. According to the Shehu MusaYar’Adua Foundation, the association has carried out 1 639 violent attacks in Nigeria’s northeast, performing in 14 436 deaths, 6 051 wounded civilians, and 2 063 hostages( Shehu MusaYar’Adua Foundation 2018). So far, no long- term result seems to be in sight, as the side’s faceless scale has remained stubborn and nasty.

The question still becomes what are the underpinning motives behind the noway – ending insurrection in Nigeria. utmost experimenter have been tempted to assume that the motive behind insurrection isn’t just political but a prejudice against a particular religion, ethnical group and those who partake different testament about western education which are all incarnation of hate crime.

A hate crime is a “ felonious offense against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an lawbreaker’s bias against a race, religion, disability, sexual exposure, race, gender, or gender identity( FBI, 2017). detest crimes are an extreme form of prejudice, made more likely in the environment of social and political change. Public and political converse may cheapen members of strange groups and contrary religion( opposed to theirs) and perpetrators may feel that their livelihood or way- of- life is hovered by demographic changes. “ detest ” isn’t a necessary motivator; those who carry out this crime may be motivated by other feelings similar as fear, wrathfulness, or nausea for a particular ethnical group, religion or race.

Looking at the leadership structure of Nigeria of where crucial political heads are been indicted by terrorist watch list as those who give information to terrorists groups and relating to the disposition of the famed Boko Haram terrorist group leader Shekau made a statement that “ anybody that doesn’t belief in Allah is an individualist, thus merited to be excluded ”, all these could be a pointer to detest crime as the motive before.

Statement Of The Problem

insurrection, arguably, is one of the most serious pitfalls to global peace and stability in contemporary times. Since the dawn of this renaissance, the prevalence of terrorism has been on a steady rise worldwide. Heretofore, in Nigeria, terrorism was more or less a indigenous affair( Okoli and Iortyer 201439) when some times agone , terrorism was sounded to be confined to a many isolated places, similar as NorthEast and some areas of the MiddleBelt. Durotoye( 2000) asserts that the Nigerian state is being challenged from ‘ below ’ and ‘ below ’ by ethnical, religious and indigenous groups, and by the state nobility itself. He listed youth bellicosity, religious insurrection, labour uneasiness, ethnical chauvinism, and political enmity as some of the catalysts of assaults on the state. The most recent of them all is the Boko Haram terrorism, which, through rescue hijacking , politically motivated killings, fortified thievery, and other acts of crime, generated wide anxiety in the country( Okoli and Iortyer 201443). Okpoya, Ugwu and Eme( 2012, cited in Durotoye 20151251) classified four major instantiations of instability in Nigeria as ethno-religious conflict, politically- grounded violence, profitable- grounded violence and organized violent groups. From the below assertion, the underpinning motive behind perpetual insurrection is traceable to detest crime. Since utmost of the violent heads is directed towards a particular ethnical group or religion due to abomination, wrathfulness and nausea for similar race or religion, this leads to perpetual insurrection and making the trouble of security operatives futile. thus it’s upon this premise that this exploration is set to examine detest CrimeThe underpinning cause of perpetual insurrection in Nigeria.

Ideal Of The Study

The focus of this duty is set to examine detest CrimeThe underpinning cause of perpetual insurrection in Nigeria. Specifically it’ll examine factors that motivates hate crime. It’ll examine the rate of instability as a result of hate crime. It’ll probe if hate crime is the underpinning cause of insurrection in NorthEast. it’ll examine the way forward to alleviate hate crime and insurrection.

Compass Of The Study

The compass of this duty is set to examine detest CrimeThe underpinning cause of perpetual insurrection in Nigeria. Specifically it’ll examine factors that motivates hate crime. It’ll examine the rate of instability as a result of hate crime. It’ll probe if hate crime is the underpinning cause of insurrection. it’ll examine the way forward to alleviate hate crime and insurrection. This study is demarcated NorthEasten region of Nigeria, specifically Bornu State.

Exploration Question

1. What are the factors that motivates hate crime?

2. what’s the rate of instability as a result of hate crime?

3. Do yo suppose hate crime is the underpinning cause of insurrection?

4. What are the way forward to alleviate hate crime and insurrection?

Limitation Of The Study

The following factors poses to be a limitation during the course of this exploration

fiscal constraint – inadequate fund tends to stymie the effectiveness of the experimenter in sourcing for the applicable accoutrements , literature or information and in the process of data collection( internet, questionnaire and interview).

Time constraint – The experimenter will contemporaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This accordingly will cut down on the time devoted for the exploration work.

Description Of Terms

Recrimination Recrimination is commodity that’s suggested, or happens,indirectly.it is the possible effect of a variable on another

detest detest is an angry or resentful emotional response to certain people or ideas. abomination is frequently associated with passions of wrathfulness, nausea and a disposition towards the source of hostility

detest Crime A hate crime is a “ felonious offense against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an lawbreaker’s bias against a race, religion, disability, sexual exposure, race, gender, or gender identity

insurrection An insurrection is a violent, fortified rebellion against authority when those taking part in the rebellion aren’t honored as belligerents.

Terrorism Terrorism, the calculated use of violence to produce a general climate of fear in a population and thereby to bring about a particular political ideal. it’s the the unlawful use of violence and intimidation, especially against civilians, in the pursuit of political and religious points

mortal rights these are moral principles or morals for certain norms of mortal geste and are regularly defended in external and transnational law. mortal rights are morals that aspire to cover all people far and wide from severe political, legal, and social abuses

Significance Of The Study

This study will be applicable to the general public. Specifically to policy makers, it’ll deflect their focus on establishing laws to check hate crime. To law enforcement agencies, it’ll enable enlighten them on the need to bring to bespeak political actors who instigate hate crime no matter their position in government. The study will drive the need for public mindfulness on how hate crime perpetuates insurrection hence the government should include it as acounter-insurgence strategy. More so it’ll drive the Judiciary and mortal Right Activists, International Bodies to probe voilence against a particular religion or ethnical group instigated by hate with the end of guarding the Human Rights of the common citizen. Eventually the study will contribute to the body of literature on this field and serve as reference material for farther academic exploration