ABSTRACT
This study looks at and assesses local liquid dielectric for power transformer insulation. The inquiry arose from the necessity to improve the capacity for local transformer dielectric manufacture, given the importance of transformer insulation. Natural esters derived from vegetables have been discovered to have adequate dielectric characteristics, allowing them to be employed as mineral oil substitute dielectric fluids. However, because vegetable oil is prone to oxidation, it must be inhibited before being used as an insulation fluid. In order to test its suitability as a dielectric fluid, inhibited locally derived soybean oil (soybean oil treated with antioxidant) is subjected to accelerated ageing in this study. The qualities of soybean oil are compared to those of mineral oil and compared to those of standard. Because the measured flash point is 2570C, the pour point is -150C, the acidity is low at 0.0027mgkoH/mg, the dissipation factor after ageing is 12.11 x 10-3 (which is within recommended units), and the dielectric breakdown voltage is high, the investigated soybean meets acceptability specifications (59.08kV). The results revealed that the inhabited soybean oil has qualities similar to mineral oil and can be used as a transformer dielectric fluid.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Over half of the costs associated with transformer failure are due to electrical problems in power transfers. Insulation, dielectric, and oil-related failures account for half of all transformer failure costs [1]. It is undeniable that better dielectrics and transformer oils are required for insulation. The insulator liquid in a liquid-filter transformer is critical because it provides both electrical insulation and a way of transferring thermal losses to the cooling system. The heat transfer in a transformer must be ensured by the insulating oil. Thermal conductivity and convection are both used to achieve this function [2]. Mineral oils, synthetic oils, and natural esters are the three major forms of insulating liquids that can be used in transformers today [3]. The application enhances the utilization of each type. However, in response to rising consumer demand for ecologically friendly products, an increasing number of companies are focusing on developing the usage of esters, particularly natural esters, in the majority of their products.
Mineral oil has been used to fill transformers for over a century. This is a petroleum-based oil that is mostly made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms. Carbon and hydrogen are arranged in three different ways: napthenic (CnH2n), paraffinic (CnH2n+2), and aromatic (CnH2n+2).
(CnH2n-6) aromatic (CnH2n-6) aromatic (CnH2n-6) aromatic (CnH)
The type of mineral oil is determined by the carbon distribution in napthenic and paraffinic structures. The crude oil used and the refining processes used control the distribution. Mineral oil is the most commonly utilized fluid in the electric power transformer business due to its vast availability, good qualities, and low cost. New mineral oils must comply with the IEC 60296 or ASTM D3487 standards.
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