Maritime Entrepreneurship And Economic Development In Nigeria
Chapter One
Preface
Background to the Study
Cabotage is a legislative tool confining access or reserving maritime or aeronautics trade within a country’s territorial governance to the original capacities. The Nigerian Maritime and Cabotage was introduced by the Nigerian Government following calls by prominent maritime specialists and drivers on the need for government to make concerned trouble towards employing the indigenous maritime capacity and exercising the abundant openings in the sector for the benefit of the Nigerian people in order to reverse the trend where it still has its maritime trade both territorial and redundant territorial dominated by foreign drivers.
The government’s intention in introducing the cabotage governance is to encourage the development of the maritime assiduity by an interventionist scheme aimed at boosting the growth of the original capacity in the face of choking external competition and domination.
Cabotage is a practice worldwide that’s over 60 times old, a contemporary profitable approach which justifies intervention of this nature to induce some determined result( as against the classical profitable approach of free request forces), as an respectable tool to achieving some set profitable pretensions, especially where competition is illegal and dominance is current. It has been observed that this practice worldwide both in maritime and aeronautics has been convinced by different factors including reserving all, or part of the public request occasion to public flag vessels or aircrafts either for political, profitable or security reasons. Other reasons for this defensive policy rehearsed around the world are to develop indigenous mortal and capital capacity. These are some of the major points of the Nigerian maritime cabotage.
And as for the compass of the cabotage Act, the Coastal and Inland Shipping( cabotage) Act, 2003 covers the carriage of goods and passengers by vessels and any other mode of transportation, mineral, other natural coffers, and any marine transportation or exertion of marketable nature within Nigeria’s territorial waters as specified by the Exclusive Economic Zone Act CAP 116, laws of the Federation Republic of Nigeria, 1990. The Act seeks to circumscribe the use of foreign vessels in domestic littoral trade and accordingly enhance the development of indigenous heftiness.
It’s now two and half times since the enactment or one and half times of perpetration of the cabotage policy. Nigerian’s are yet to notice significant change. The cabotage trade is still dominated by nonnatives. From the perspective of the target group i.e. Nigerian Shipping Companies, the question remains to what extent has cabotage delivered its willed openings? Considering that out of 320 or further private members ’ bills introduced in the House of Representatives between 1999 and 2003, only ten crossed the Legislative Rubicon to come laws why is it that the same forces haven’t succeeded in icing a bare robust and determined perpetration of the cabotage policy? What factors are responsible for the veritably slow take- off of the programme? What are the problems? Are they associated with the veritably nature of the politics of shipping development, the process or policy, or a combination of these forces? What are the impacts of the cabotage laws or of what benefit is the cabotage to the Nigerian entrepreneur? These and further are some of the issues to be anatomized by the experimenter in the course of writing the discussion.
Statement of Problem
A maritime cabotage law is a legislation empowering navigation and trading within a country’s beachfronts or from harborage to harborage within a nation to be reserved simply for and carried on by its public flagships and citizens. It’s purely for the regulation of domestic shipping. In this regard, it includes navigation and trading in the nation’s inland aqueducts. The maritime cabotage law may be in a single shipping legislation, or in a combination of two or further shipping legislation of a country.
There’s another type of maritime cabotage which is frequently appertained to as short ocean shipping or indigenous shipping which is concerned with the transportation of goods and or passengers between anchorages of a given group of countries within a specific profitable groupings( eg Mercosur, and the EU) by way of littoral vessels, ferry services and/ or harborage services similar as jerks, dredges, conservation and form of craft, pilotage launches, bunkering and force of vessels etc. Cabotage programs are applied in similar regions orsub-regions, rather of an individual country, and as a result ofinter-governmental agreements in order to favour original or indigenous employment and to control indigenous and/ orsub-regional littoral trade( Maritime coffers Development Issues and Challenges; 2003,P.70).
This discussion is aimed at having a comprehensive report which critically examines the issues concerning cabotage services, as respects to its impact on the Nigerian entrepreneurial openings for growth. Are there any benefits accruable to the Nigerian frugality from the Nigerian Maritime cabotage? What are those benefits and how do they help in boosting the Nigerian entrepreneurs? These findings and further will be revealed and recommendations thereto, made, in order to enhance the expression of sound scientific and profitable results to issues and programs in these areas. The exploration work is anticipated to help the NMA, the entrepreneurs, and other governmental agencies and other stakeholders in carrying out their statutory functions including its promotional and nonsupervisory places and measures, designed to grease the development station and the growth of the nation’s maritime assiduity.
Objects Of The Study
The broad ideal of this exploration work is to study maritime entrepreneurship and profitable development in Nigeria. The following specific objects guide the exploration
To identify the Nigerian maritime cabotage as it exists under the Nigerian Maritime Authority( NMA).
To identify the colorful openings accrued to the Nigeria entrepreneurs from the cabotage in the maritime assiduity.
To identify the prevailing problems that hampers the profitable viability of the maritime assiduity services in Nigeria.
To identify the impediments of the Nigeria entrepreneur in respects to the cabotage business.
To proffer results to Nigeria entrepreneurs in relationship to their problems in the Maritime business.
Significance of Study
The findings of this discussion will probably set in stir farther exploration studies into the Nigerian maritime cabotage and its impact on the nation’s frugality and/ or as an interventionist in the boosting of the Nigerian entrepreneurial conditioning. In fact, it’s anticipated that with the passage of the cabotage Act by the National Assembly, a new world of openings for business gambles in the maritime cabotage sector have surfaced. As the backbone of entrepreneurial set up, new openings are always being sought, discovered, grasped and acted upon to the benefit of the consumer and the entrepreneur. To this end, the maritime experts, controllers and entrepreneurs likewise, have to burglarize minds together to give perceptivity into how to use the openings in the maritime assiduity. The implicit entrants into the maritime business should see these as good business openings to be employed in order to produce job openings, training for mariners, provision of/ structure of vessels and other ocean going vessels to be used, which will have to bear on the nation’s frugality and to ameliorate the well- being of the Nigerian entrepreneur. It’s also believed that the study will stimulate and give the demanded motivation into the profitable growth of the nation’s maritime assiduity, hence the standard of living in general.
Exploration Questions
The following exploration questions were formulated from the objects to guide the study;
What’s the Nigerian maritime cabotage as it exists under the Nigerian Maritime Authority( NMA)?
What are the colorful openings accrued to the Nigeria entrepreneurs from the cabotage in the maritime assiduity?
What are the prevailing problems that hinder the profitable viability of the maritime assiduity services in Nigeria?
What are the impediments to Nigerian entrepreneur in respects to the maritime cabotage business?
What results can be proffered to Nigeria entrepreneurs in relationship to their problems in the Maritime business?
Compass of the Study
The compass of this exploration study will be limited to the impact of Nigeria maritime cabotage on the nation’s frugality as well as on entrepreneurial openings for profitable development in Nigeria. This discussion may be limited to maritime cabotage, which is also known as domestic waterborne transportation. The experimenter also wishes to reiterate then that, there’s limitation in the area of data collection, some useful data needed are treated as nonpublic and authorization has to be sought before they’re released. Indeed the parties for oral interviews, authorization has to be sought before interviews were granted. Time factor is another conspicuous constraint.
still, it might be noted that frantic sweats were made to insure that useful information were ultimately collected to enhance an objective conclusion of this study.
Functional Description Of Terms
Maritime connected with the ocean, especially in relation to seaborne trade or nonmilitary matters.
Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship is the process of designing, launching and running a new business, which is frequently originally a small business. The people who produce these businesses are called entrepreneurs.
Maritime Entrepreneurship refers to promoted innovative business generalities related to the maritime frugality and the values of sustainable entrepreneurship contributing therefore to the enhancement of entrepreneurial intelligence with socio- profitable benefits and the improvement of business exertion.
Economic Development is the growth of the standard of living of a nation’s people from a low- income( poor) country to a high- income( rich) frugality. When the original quality of life is bettered, there’s further profitable development. When social scientists study profitable development, they look at a lot of effects.
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