The Changing Role Of The Traditional Political Institution In Ibadan In The Twentieth (20th) Century

The Changing Role Of The Traditional Political Institution In Ibadan In The Twentieth (20th) Century

Chapter One

Statement Of The Problem

The need to examine the changing part of Traditional Political Institution in Ibadan is considered to round the being literature on Ibadan as a polity. Indeed, colorful aspects of Ibadan history have been proved and by different scholar but a successional appraisal of the changes witnessed by the Traditional Political Institution have been treated in end. The desire to devote this design to the issue is to further illuminate an important aspect of Ibadan history.

Indeed though, the design focuses on the 20th century. The events before the period, where the Traditional Institution played prominent part, will be accommodated to give an holistic appraisal of the changes witnessed by the Traditional Political Institution at Ibadan.

Ideal Of The Study

The ideal of writing on this content is to examine the different changes that passed within the Traditional Political Institution of Ibadan in the 20th century.

Generally, change is the metamorphosis of an event, a system, an object or a process. It may moreover be qualitative or quantitative or both. The concern of this essay design is primarily with the metamorphosis and revision of an important event in the Institution of Ibadan society. These Institutions or units are the services of the Traditional sovereign in Ibadan which bestows an identifiable status on the contestant.

Although, numerous scholars both chroniclers andnon-Historians have given considerable attention to the Period Colonial Administration, not only in Ibadan but also in the total of Yoruba land.

Yet, there’s no work which has studied the theme of this essay in the environment of the changing part of the Traditional Political Institution of Ibadan in the 20th century.

Eventually, it’s the desire to probe what changes that passed in the Traditional Political Institution of Ibadan in the 20thcentury in general.

Compass Of The Study

This study focuses on the events of the 20th century, that’s to say from 1900- 1999 but as an literal study, the need to advise the period before the period of focus will give necessary information that will illuminate the understanding of Ibadan history.

To follow the period before 20th century, a full focus will be on the period to estimate the changes recorded in both the status and part of the Traditional Political Institution in Ibadan.

The fact that the 20th century covered the period of social administration, the period when Nigeria came independent and under civil and military administrations, study of this content will give a better understanding of Ibadan history.

Exploration Methodology/ Problem

As an literal attestation on a megacity like Ibadan, that’s known to be the largest megacity in West Africa, amulti-disciplinary exploration methodology was espoused.

The study began with the study of available literature on colorful aspects of Ibadan history. This was followed with the visit to the National Archive at Ibadan and eventually oral data collection was accepted. Indeed, Questionnaires were prepared to gain information on data grounded conditions.

Indeed, the experience is worth while. A lot of snitch’s weren’t readily available and others gave several pledges before they ultimately made themselves available.

Eventually, the land size of Ibadan, actually constituted another problem which directly overstress my fiscal vittles.

Literature Review

Since important has been written on the changes in the Traditional Political Institution in Ibadan land, they give a good base for this study. For case, books consulted likeB.A. Awe “ The Rise of Ibadan as a Yoruba Power in the Nineteenth Century ” andS. Johnson “ The History of the Yorubas ” which agreed on the fact that Ibadan city was innovated as a war camp in the 19th century and also, they agreed on thepre-colonial political setup of Ibadan grounded, as it were on the service.

According toP.C. Lloyd in his book named “ The megacity of Ibadan ”, Ibadan, that “ ethnographic anomaly ” as Peter Lloyd tightly terms the Yoruba metropolises, unique as an Obaless Yoruba megacity which clawed its way to the top eluting the enables and occasionally careless nineteenth century Yoruba wars, Ibadan moment is the capital of the Western fiefdom of Nigeria, the largest megacity( however lower than lesser Lagos according toA.L. Mabogunje) in the country and one of the largest black African metropolises on the mainland.

Also, according toI.B. Akinyele’s book named “ The figure History of Ibadan ”, Ibadan was innovated in the in the 16th century,. Around 1820, an army of Egba, Ijebu, Ife and Oyo people won the city during their wars with the Fulanis. After a struggle between the victors, the Oyo gained control in 1829. A system where the Baale line( communal) and Balogun Isoriki line( service) participated power was established by 1851, subject to a traditional council begrudging both lines.

Akogun Lekan Alabi’s work named “ Ibadan Chieftaincy System ”, stressed the point on the recognition of the Royal Family who are anticipated to be headed by a manly member called “ Mogaji ”. Anyone named or tagged rather to be the Mogaji of his family must have the maturity support of the family, but a amicable support is ideal.

Ajayi’s book named “ Background to Exalted Olubadan’s Throne ” also gave a precious information which exfoliate more lights on the insecurity occasioned by the incessant wars which was one of the recreating themes in the History of Yorubaland in the Nineteenth century, and it was out of this morbid situation that Ibadan grew. He made use of oral Tradition that speak of three Ibadan.

First and foremost, Ibadan came into actuality in 1829 when Lagelu, the Jagun( commander- in- Chief) of Ife and Yoruba’s generalissimo, left Ile- Ife with a sprinkle of people from Ife, Oyo, and Ijebu to set up a new megacity, Eba Odan, which literally means ‘ between the timber and plains;. According to HRH Sir Isaac Babalola Akinyele, the late Olubadan( king) of Ibadan( Olu Ibadan means Lord of Ibadan), in his authoritative book on the history of Ibadan, “ Iwe Itan Ibadan ”, published in 1911, the first megacity was destroyed due to an incident at an Egungun( feint) jubilee when an Egungun was accidentally undressed and derisively mocked by women and children in an open request place full of people. In Yorubaland, it was an abomination for women to look an Egungun in the eye because the Egunguns were considered to be the dead fathers who returned to the earth each time to bless their get. When the news reached Sango, the also Alaafin of Oyo, he commanded that Eba Odan be destroyed for committing similar abominable act.

Secondly, Ibadan was historically an Egba city. The Egba inhabitants were forced to leave the city and moved to present day Abeokuta under the leadership of Sodeke when the swell of Oyo deportees crowded into the municipalities as an fate of the fall of Oyo area. Ibadan grew into an emotional and sprawling civic center so much that by the end of 1829, Ibadan dominated the Yoruba region militarily, politically and economically. The military sanctuary expanded indeed further when deportees began attiring in large figures from northern Oyo following raids by Fulani legionnaire. After losing the northern portion of their region to the raiding Fulanis, numerous Oyo aborigines retreated deeper into the Ibadan environs.

Thirdly, Ibadan according to him represented the capstone of certain development which started from the old Oyo conglomerate. He asserted that the Fulani caliphate tried to expend further into the Southern region of ultramodern- day Nigeria, but was decisively defeated by the armies of Ibadan in 1840.

This work also examines the mutation of an institution in Ibadan society unit the office of the sovereign nitrous of his part, responsibility and public image. The Ibadan Ruler in the social period was known as Baale and also he was nothing further than a primus Inter Pare( First Among Equal) at home, because of the Oligardiy rafure of the Ibadan Government. With the establishment of a social state, the Bale was elided both within and without Ibadan in the Twentieth century which didn’t satisfy his desire for further power.

Ruth Watson, ‘ Civil complaint is the Disease of Ibadan ’ chieftaincy and communal culture in a Yoruba megacity. This book captures the complicated process of acquiring titles and getting a chief in a competitive political terrain where numerous individualities defined their continuance ambition as acquiring honour through chieftaincy. More importantly, the book reveals how these titles actually credited communal status. The book shows how a communal political culture had to be created, and how important numbers operated within it. Without a communal community, there would be no chiefs. And without chiefs, one may argue, a communal community of the type described in this book couldn’t have been created. incorporating two ages in history thePre-Colonial and social. Watson elaborates upon the relationship between megacity politics and chiefs.