ABSTRACT
The efficacy of containers in the movement of cargo in and out of Tincan Island Port is the subject of this research. Between the years 2000 and 2005, data from the NPA statistics revealed that. In the year 2000, 31,363 TEU laden containers were imported, while 4,243 TEU were exported.
In 2001, imports totaled 45,854 TEU laden containers, while exports totaled 4,546 TEU. In 2002, 48,890 TEU Laden containers were imported, while 4,680 TEU Laden containers were imported and 4,964 TEU were exported. In 2004, 39,651 TEU of loaded containers were imported, while 3,398 TEU were exported. In 2005, 51,197 TEU were exported, while 4,887 TEU were imported.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
In its most basic form, transportation refers to the movement of people and products from one location to another. The urge of Man to bridge the gap between areas of resource surplus and areas of resource lack drives the demand for transportation. As a result, communities in need of such resources make demands on others having surpluses. This necessitates the use of transportation.
Road, rail, water (sea and river), air, and pipeline are the five main forms of transportation. The focus of this study will be on marine transportation. Sea travel has some advantages over land transport. It uses waterways as a mode of transportation, such as rivers, seas, and oceans. Water transport, unlike road and rail, necessitates
When compared to all other types of transportation, sea transport can handle the most passengers and freight. It is multinational in character, inexpensive, and slow in comparison. Physical obstacles, economic considerations, and political concerns all limit the movement of ocean vessels. International rules and regulations govern its operation. It also necessitates advanced terminal facilities and equipment.
Ships move transport units between different parts of the world by sea. Depending on the distance to be traversed and the amount to be delivered, they can be quite large. The majority of the time, they follow pre-determined routes specified by transport companies and shippers. Deep sea shipping only transports “sea containers” that meet the technical specifications set forth in the convention. Sea Land, a shipping company started by Malcolm McLean in 1957, was the first to pioneer containerization. Despite the fact that McLean did not create containerization, he was the first to market it. Containerization is the process of storing irregularly shaped freight commodities in sealed and reusable containers of consistent size and shape that can be carried easily across various modes of transportation. The main advantage of containerization has been that it has substantially facilitated cargo transportation, notably in terms of ship loading and unloading. This had far-reaching implications for the transportation industry, resulting in increased efficiency as well as increased trade volumes overall. Containerization also aided consolidation and vertical integration by allowing numerous routes of transportation to be combined.
Nigeria imports a considerable amount of industrial and mechanical equipment, as well as consumer goods. The building of a sea port in Nigeria began in the mid-nineteenth century, during a period of significant exploration and trade in the country.
The goal of the study is to find out how satisfied Nigerian consignees are with the use of containers in order to establish how effective containers are in moving cargo at the Tincan Island Port.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Any innovation or technology, including the usage of containers at the Tincan Island Port in Nigeria, comes with its own set of obstacles.
1. Due to high utilization costs, freight containerization has a multiple influence on unit cost of manufacturing.
2. The nonchalant attitude of terminal operators, combined with the block stacking of containers in the terminal, causes unnecessary delays for consignees.
3. It’s becoming increasingly difficult to provide proper security for containers in the terminal.
4. Because of a lack of plant equipment and specialized container trucks, container handling has become time consuming.
As a result, the following issues must be addressed in order to maximize the benefits of using containers.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The purpose of this research is to see how effective containers are at moving freight in and out of Tincan Island Port. The objectives for achieving this goal are listed below.
1. To assess the operational efficiency of container handling in terms of cargo movement.
2. To determine the limitations to the use of containers.
3. Determine the level of protection for container contents at the terminal, port, or while in transit.
4. To assess the global acceptance of containers as a means of simplifying shipping operations and so boosting international trade.
5. Determine the transportation companies’ and consignees’ contractual agreement for the usage of containers.
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
Tincan Island Port in Lagos is the subject of the research. The goal of the study is to determine how effective containers are at moving freight in and out of the study area.
Furthermore, the research topic will focus on consignee satisfaction with container usage, taking into account the amount of containers that make inward and outward moves.
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
Because of time and expense constraints at the time of writing, the study will be limited to Tincan Island Port in Lagos. Obtaining container throughput data from the Nigerian Port Authority proved tricky (NPA).
There were issues delivering the questionnaires because the respondents were hesitant, but after pleading and persuading them, they cooperated with me.
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
H1: If there is a link between the number of consignees who use a container and the shipping costs.
HO: If there is no correlation between the number of consignees who use the container and the transportation costs.
H1: If there is a link between the security of commodities and the incidence of theft.
HO: If there is no significant link between the security of items and the risk of theft.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Cargo: This is a term that refers to commodities that are transported by ship. Other than animals, it encompasses all types of transportable personal property.
Vessel: A ship of any kind, whether self-propelled or towed, that is not owned by a foreign government and is not engaged in commerce or trade is referred to as a vessel.
Cargo Throughput: The total amount of inbound and outbound cargo handled in a port over a specified time period. It does not include the amount of crude petroleum oil handled in tons.
Tonne: (a) if costs are based on the gross weight of the goods plus all packaging, 10 kilograms; nevertheless, any consignment weighing less than 50 kilos will be taxed as if it weighed 50 kilos.
(a) Where charges are calculated based on volume, 1 m3 or 1.416 m3 in
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