The Socio-economic Impact Of The Boko Haram Insurgence In Nigeria: (2009-2013)

The Socio-economic Impact Of The Boko Haram Insurgence In Nigeria: (2009-2013)

Chapter One

General preface

Background of the Study

Nigeria as a nation- state is under a ramify internal socio- profitable and security trouble. As a more general position, the trouble has social, profitable, political and environmental confines. Each of these confines has greatly affected the nation ‘s stability, and can be traced to the ethnical host armies, ethnical and religious conflicts, poverty, terrorism, fortified thievery, corruption, profitable sabotage, and environmental declination( Ilufoye, 2009).

Boko Haram rebellion becomes the major problem facing Nigerians in the recent time. These groups have executed several bombing that have killed millions of

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innocent citizens of this country Nigeria and also caused the destruction of both private and public parcels worth of billion of naira. This derives from their shot to make people in the north east geo- political zone of Nigeria to embrace their view on Islamic Nigeria law and western education.

The predominant trouble and security challenges in the area are emendating fromun-abating attacks on Nigerian citizens, individualities, public and governmental installations, hijacking and destruction of parcels. All these effect of Boko Haram conditioning are serious crime against the Nigeria state, which has hovered its public security and socio- profitable conditioning. This has posed a great challenges to the ground strategy for public security of which the primary end is ― to strengthen the civil democracy of Nigeria to advance her interest and objects, to contain insecurity, control

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crime, quality of life of every citizens, ameliorate the well-conditioned chow and the exclude corruption ‖( Damba- zau 200751)

Boko Haram conditioning, has destabilized socio- profitable conditioning. Increased crime and destruction of both life and property of Nigerian citizens. This can be attested to by the mass movement of people living in northern part of the country most especially maiduguri, which is the capital of Borno State. This situation has made it insolvable for the citizens in that part ― Northren ‖ of Nigeria to carry on their licit businesses. It’s also spooking foreign investors out of the country. scholars have been forced to flee their seminaries. The graveness of the extremity has made some government to covenant noway to allow Nigerians scholars from their state to go to the Northern part of Nigeria for anything. Boko Haram conditioning also effected the advertisement of scholars of southern and eastern repatriation on public youth service fraternity( NYSC) to the north, to the extent that parents are

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explosively defying the advertisement of their children as bobby to the north.

Boko Haram itself, is a fatal blow to the noble ideal of the scheme as a unifying strategy, the concinnity of Nigerian is seriously hovered by Boko Haram fundamentalist side and thus, considered to be a major implicit terrorist trouble affecting Nigerian substantially on the part of socio- profitable conditioning of the country.

Statement of the Problem

Boko Haram conditioning was described by us

intelligence agents in November 2011 ― as a original salafist group attacking Christians and original police stations with matchet and bane sloped arrows in Nigeria ‘s northeastern Borno state. According to him

Boko Haram is a way of thinking, it’s politically driven, they’re approximately organized grassroots revolution against not only the Abuja government but the traditional

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Muslim establishment as well.( Campbell, 2011).

After nearly a decade of violence, Nigeria government still doesn’t have an effective strategy for dismembering the group. The terrorist association preys on the disillusioned Muslims of the north, who are fed up with corruption. And have many profitable openings, Nigeria is a miscellaneous country divided by two religious beliefs away traditional religion. The northern half of the country is nearly fully Muslim( 50 per cent of the total Nigerians population) and the southern half is substantially dominated by Christians( 40 per cent of the total Nigerians population). Originating in the Muslim dominated northern region of the country, the movement other rejected everything supposed western. The conditioning of these groups ― Boko Haram ‖ grew its species by taking advantages of the wide wrathfulness in the north over the

country ‘s gap. In the north, 72 percent of the population

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live below the poverty line, compared to only 22 percent in the southern part Christopher( Bartolta, 2011)

The political thing of Boko Haram side is to produce an Islamic nation in the twelve northern countries of Nigerians, ultimately, spreading to the rest of the country. From its commencement Boko Haram viewed Nigeria as a state or a country running bynon-believers and made the government its main target, ever when the country had a Muslim chairman.

thus, this exploration work seeks to find the following

1. Is poverty converting the Boko Haram insurrection in Nigeria?

2. Does the ― Boko Haram ‖ rebellion have any socio- profitable recrimination on Nigerians development?

3. Is dialogue a desideration to the Boko Haram imminence in Nigeria?

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Objects of the Study

The broad objects of the study are to examine the conditioning of the Boko Haram and its socio- profitable recrimination on Nigeria ‘s development. Using Boko

Haram terrorism in Nigeria as a case study. To achieve

this, specifically, this exploration work is designed to examine the following

1. To determine if poverty is converting the Boko Haram insurrection in Nigeria

2. To assess the socio- profitable recrimination of Boko Haram rebellion on the nation.( Nigeria)

3. To determine if dialogue is a desideration to the Boko Haram imminence in Nigeria

Literature Review

Literature review has to do with what other scholars

and authors have contributed to this study so far. The

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term ― terrorism ‖ refers to the methodical use of trouble of

violence to communicate to political massage rather than master an opponent, military force. therefore, the targets of terrorism are emblematic and the victims of terrorism represent a wider followership. To achieve a maximum shock effective, terrorist violence is generally dramatic and instigative.

generally, small number of crazies who else warrant the capacity to challenge those in power resort to terrorism. A defining characteristics of terrorism is that its druggies expects prices that are of proportionate to both the coffers. They posses and the threat they assume

Terrorism is likewise strategies that aren’t confined to any particular testament( smlter and Beltes, 2001).

According to Reich 1998, as a strategy of resistance to the modem state, terrorism surfaced some partial century

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after the French revolution, when the term began as a description of the state governance of terror. Russia revolutionaries and challenger in French, Spain, Italy and German established terrorism as a central medium in attempt to over throw the established administrations, utmost of which were autocratic in the submission of Lain mclean terrorism as a denigratory term, also applies to the deeds of government of autonomous state. According to Lain Mclean, an term ― state patronized terrorism ‖, is frequently used to described the conduct of colorful government laterally organizing or laterally aiding performance of violence acts in other state. Lain Mclean argued that in recent time, numerous countries of divergent ideological persuasion have engaged in this kind of conditioning while in some cases rigorously condemning others forms practices( Lain Mclean, 1996). Meanwhile, terrorism is a queried conception that repel precise description. Since the term is both elastic and emotionally important, it advance itself to

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private interpretation driven by political rather than logical purposes, it’s also delicate to distinguish terrorism from other forms of violence. similar as, for illustration querilla warfare or felonious conditioning, if terrorism is defined in terms of the intension behind the action, is it possible to know those intension? What’s the relationship between religion and terrorism, benon-combatants for illustration?. If so are attacks on security target act of terrorism?

Though, there’s no sanctioned description of terrorism agreed on through out the world, and delineations tend to calculate heavily on who’s doing the description and for what purpose. Some description focus on terrorist tactics to defined the term, while others concentrate on the actor. Ethnical rebel, violence in the 1930 ‘s provoked the League of Nations formed after world war 1 to encourage world stability and peace to defined terrorism for the first time as

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All felonious acts directed against a state and intended or calculated to produce a state of terror in the mind of particular persons or group of persons or the general public.( League of Nation convection description of terrorism, 1937).

thus, bringing to our understanding that Boko

Haram side ispre-occupied with carrying out colorful

degree of attacks on civilians, generally used by the

helpless against important;

transnational terrorism hiatuses terrorists attacking a foreign targets other than within own country or abroad( Rurke 2008316).

This means that September 11, 2011 attack was an

transnational terrorism while one of the attacks by the

Boko Haram side similar as the police stations attacks is a

domestic terrorism. But it becomes complicated if the

Boko Haram side is still a domestic terrorism group

detriments it acting connection with other transnational

side similar as Hamas and Alqueda.