A Critical Investigation Of The Causes And Effects Of Political Violence In Berekum Municipality, Ghana.

A Critical Investigation Of The Causes And Effects Of Political Violence In Berekum Municipality, Ghana.

Chapter One

Preface

Background of the study

Political violence is one of the most disturbing problems society is facing moment. It’s set up in nearly all corridor of the world, be it industrialized commercial societies, or socialist societies, as well as the developing countries of Asia and Africa. still, there’s a growing concern that popular governance is the most important tool for achieving development, particularly in a developing country where choices aren’t only integral and the single source of political participation, but also the only source of licit power in all republic. Yet, the 21st century has in particular witnessed more political violence than heretofore known tohumankind.Political violence has surfaced as one of Africa’s most burning security issues. Recent events in Kenya, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Egypt, and Libya, among others, point to the salience of the miracle. Political violence in Africa has entered attention from academics as well as the media.

Political violence is violence which is executed in order to achieve political pretensions. It can include violence which is used by a state against other countries( war) or it can describe violence which is used againstnon-state actors( most specially police brutality or genocide). It can also describe politically- motivated violence which is used bynon-state actors against a state( rebellion, rioting, disloyalty, or coupd’etat) or it can describe violence which is used against othernon-state actors. Non-action on the part of a government can also be characterized as a form of political violence, similar as refusing to palliate shortage or else denying coffers to politically identifiable groups within their home. Due to the imbalances of power that live between state andnon-state actors, political violence frequently takes the form of asymmetric warfare where neither side is suitable to directly assault the other, rather counting on tactics similar as terrorism and guerrilla warfare, and it can frequently include attacks on civilians or elsenon-combatant targets that are perceived as delegates for the opposing body. numerous groups and individualities believe that their political systems will noway respond to their demands, and they therefore believe that violence isn’t only justified but also necessary in order to achieve their political objects. also, numerous governments around the world believe that they need to use violence in order to blackjack their populations into compliance. Political violence may manifest in a number of ways civil wars, fortified insurrections, violent political rallies, compulsion of choosers, violent political conflicts, electoral violence, screams, genocide, terrorism, assassinations, political radicalization, andpost-election demonstrations or crackdowns.

The rate of political violence before, during and after presidential and administrative choices in Ghana has attracted important attention from both original civil society associations and transnational associations. This is due to the fact that Ghana is a member of the United Nations( UN) and papers three and five of the UN’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights independently state that” everyone has the right to life, liberty, and security of person; and no bone shall be subordinated to torture or to cruel, inhuman, or demeaning treatment or discipline”( United Nations, 2002 2). It’s also due to the fact that Ghana has been described as an icon of popular success in Africa. Ghanaian politics, since the country was introduced tomulti-party politics preexisting the social period, has witnessed electoral violence. Lives have been lost and others have been mutilated through political violence.

Statement of the problem

Berekum Municipality has witnessed some incidents of political violence since the coming into being of the 1992 Constitution of Ghana. In the autumn of 5th March 2010, some irate youths of the NDC entered the hearthstone of the External Chief Executive( MCE) with the intention of dismembering an NDC constituency superintendent meeting listed to be held there. The MCE got wind of their coming and left the hearthstone. On the 30th of July 2008, a political argument which replaced among some members of the New Patriotic Party( NPP) in Berekum caused the constituency’s first- vice president of the NPP( Nnuro Bediako) to hit Wilson Gyamfi( a member of the NPP) to death. On the 13th of October 2008, some sympathizers of the two major political parties in Ghana( NDC and NPP) disaccorded in the centre of Berekum, performing in injuries to people and destruction of property. For illustration, a pupil at Berekum College of Education( BETCO) sustained severe injuries from a sharp instrument. In effect, the pupil has not been suitable to continue his education.

These and numerous other cases of political violence, in their manifest character and implicit dynamics, have challenged the veritably stability and future of the megacity during presidential and administrative choices. Although some exploration on political violence has been done in Africa as a whole, academic exploration remains underdeveloped in Ghana in this area. So far, nothing has carried out a study on the causes and goods of political violence in Berekum Municipality, hence the reason for carrying out the study.

Ideal Of The Study

The main focus of this study is to present a critical disquisition of the causes and goods of political violence in Berekum Municipality, Ghana. Specifically, the study seeks

1. To assess the factors that spark political violence in Berekum Municipality.

2. To examine adverse goods of political violence on the people of Berekum Municipality.

3. To recommend results to end political violence.

Exploration Questions

1. What possible immediate identifiable factors spark political violence in Berekum Municipality?

2. What factors have remote influence on the people of Berekum Municipality to engage in political violence?

3. How have the people of Berekum Municipality been negatively affected 8 by the political violence?

4. What are the prospects of bridling political violence within the external?

Significance of the study

The findings of the study would help to identify the causes and goods of political violence in Berekum Municipality. Also, the study would inform government policy makers on matters relating to the Ministry of Interior about the necessary variations in combating political violence. Again, the study would help the Police Administration to review the police training strategies wherenecessary.The study will empirically add to the body of knowledge and serve as reference material for other academia in affiliated field of study.

Compass Of The Study

The compass of the study borders on a critical disquisition of the causes and goods of political violence. The study is still demarcated to Berekum Municipality in Ghana.

Limitation of the study

During the course of this exploration, the following factors are proposed to be a limitation.

fiscal constraints fiscal constraints tend to stymie the experimenter’s effectiveness in locating applicable accoutrements , literature, or information, as well as in data collection( internet, questionnaire, and interview).

Time constraint – The experimenter will contemporaneously engage in this study with other academic work. As a result, the quantum of time spent on exploration is reduced. still the experimenter will give in their stylish to make this exploration a success.

Description Of Terms

Political Violence Political violence is the deliberate use of power and force to achieve political pretensions. Political violence may manifest in a number of ways civil wars, fortified rebellion, violent political rallies, compulsion of choosers, violent political conflicts, electoral violence, screams, genocide, terrorism, assassinations, political radicalisation andpost-election demonstrations or crackdowns.