ANALYSIS OF THE RATE OF INFANT MORTALITY FROM I MONTH TO I YEAR

ANALYSIS OF THE RATE OF INFANT MORTALITY FROM I MONTH TO I YEAR

ABSTRACT

Every Nigerian is concerned about the high rate of child mortality.

It is obvious that the only way to annihilate a race is to eliminate its means of future reproduction, which are children, and these children are thought to be our future presidents, governors, and so on, assuring older generations of a better tomorrow.

Infant morality has a significant impact on demography.

The early death rate has been described as a critical test of a country’s health service and special progress.

The life of a young child is entirely dependent on the care of mothers. Based on this, the government, through the Ministry of Health, fights to ensure that all preventable childhood diseases are eliminated.

Infant mortality is reduced to the bare minimum. This resulted in the implementation of the Expanded Immunization Program (EPI) and ORAL Dehydration Therapy (ORT). These programs teach parents how to make salt, sugar, and water as an oral drip to treat diarrhea and immunize against poliomyelitis, small pox, chicken pox, whooping cough, and tuberculosis.

Since the implementation of these programs, significant progress has been made in reducing infant mortality. This prompted me to create this project.

Using data from Park-lane General Hospital in Enugu on the number of infant deaths and gender distribution.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0     INTRODUCTION

Diseases are the leading cause of infant mortality, and the prevalence of parasite hosts in certain areas contributes to this. Thousands of children are born in this country each year, and thousands of them die from diseases such as diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, poliomyelitis, measles, and childhood tuberculosis.

This is stated in a pamphlet on the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) published in Lagos in 1981 by the Federal Epidemiological Unit of the Federal Ministry of Health.

A variety of factors influence children’s development and survival, including environmental sanitation, nutrition, and parents’ lack of awareness. Some children are malnourished because their parents do not understand what constitutes a balanced diet. They lack knowledge.

What allows children to grow normally and develop strong immunity against diseases caused by a malnourished diet. Some parents are illiterate and ignorant, which is why children die in some remote areas of the country due to carelessness and parental ignorance.

Ignorance, in the sense that some parents are unaware of or do not follow the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) introduced by the Ministry of Health to ward off those six killer diseases. Currently, the government of Nigeria has carried out a national expanded programme on immunization (EPI) to control these six childhood diseases throughout the federation.

Despite the fact that Nigeria has been declared small pox-free, surveillance for the disease continues. The government should be applauded for

Their efforts to raise parental awareness and to combat these diseases, resulting in a reduction in infant mortality in the country.

More can be done by educating parents on how to maintain good environmental hygiene as well as nutritional standards in their diets in order to raise healthy children.

Actually, the rate of infant mortality motivated me to conduct research on this project topic and suggest ways to reduce infant mortality.

1.1     AIMS AND OBEJCTIVES

The following are the project’s goals and objectives:

1. To determine the male-female death ratio among infants under the age of one year.

2. To determine whether infant mortality is higher than the standard infant mortality range of (10-55) deaths per 1000.

3. To see if a child’s mortality is independent of his or her gender.

4. Determine whether the mean mortality rate for male and female infants is the same.

5. To propose potential preventive measures to reduce the number of infant deaths.