DESIGNING AND CONSTRUCTING OF AN AUTOMATED LIGHT SYSTEM USING PHOTO-SENSITIVE SWITCH

DESIGNING AND CONSTRUCTING OF AN AUTOMATED LIGHT SYSTEM USING PHOTO-SENSITIVE SWITCH

CHAPTER ONE

1.0.  INTRODUCTION

1.1.  GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

Industrial electronics has transformed the entire globe into a global village. Automation, which is at the heart of modern electronics technology, is one of the most important aspects of these phenomena. Given the deadline, it was hoped to select the project research on the design and implementation of an automatic fence light controller.

A cadmium-sulphide photo-conductive cell serves as the light sensor in this electronics system. The output of the light dependent resistor is routed through a delay circuit based on a n RC- network. The output of the RC-network is interfaced with a Darlington pair transistor that drives an electromagnetic. The overall circuit is powered by a 12 volt direct current unregulated power supply unit.

1.2.  STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This project work means a lot in industrial automation, telecommunications, computer electronics, and ICT in general. It aims to reduce the stress, time, and inconvenience associated with manually turning on and off security lights. It has many real-world applications, primarily in automation, and can be used in surveillance systems if properly modified. It can be used to illuminate farm settlements, automate irrigation pumps in the farm, and scare away thieves and rodents in order to increase yield.

1.3.  OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

1. One of the objectives of this project is to design and implement an electronic system capable of turning on and off lamps at twilight.

2. It also aims to provide an in-depth examination of random logic design and implementation.

3. This project also aims to ground young engineers in engineering technical and scientific writings, which are critical in engineering professional practice.

1.4.  SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

This project is about designing and building an automated light system with a photo-sensitive switch. That is, to illuminate the case study as the weather changes. The system turns on at dusk and stays on all night, then turns off at dawn. The project research work includes photosensitive devices such as the light dependent resistor (L.D.R), which serves as the sensor. It examines the basic circuit parameter design calculations as well as other areas of application for this system. It also focuses on passive and active components such as diode resistors, capacitors, Darlington pair transistors, electromagnetic relays, lamps, and transformers.

1.5.  OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT

The rapid advancement of technology in industrial automation, security, and control compelled me to embark on a project research work on the design and implementation of an automated light system using a photosensitive switch. This electronic system is composed of five distinct modules that work together to form a single functional unit. The sensor is the first module (light-dependent-resistor). The second module’s output is conditioned by an RC-network (delay circuit). The third module is the Darlington pair transistor driver. The fourth module is the electromagnetic relay, which connects to the fifth and final module – the load. As a result, the system is tough, robost, and simple to maintain.

1.6.  PROJECT REPORT ORGANISATION

The steps involved in the design and implementation of this project are appropriately illustrated in six chapters. The first chapter introduces the design objectives, a general description of the project, and the significance of the project. The second chapter is primarily a review of the literature and issues concerning its implementation. The third chapter provides the system methodology and analysis. The fourth chapter expands on the system design and analysis. The fifth chapter examines implementation and testing. The project’s conclusion and recommendations are summarized in the sixth and final chapter.