DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INTRUDER DETECTOR ALARM SYSTEM WITH LOCATION

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INTRUDER DETECTOR ALARM SYSTEM WITH LOCATION

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1.         Background of the Study

Industrial Electronics has changed the entire field of Engineering, and technology is advancing at an alarming rate, even in developing countries. This is due to the fact that newer technologies outnumber older ones. With the development of computers in the 1950s, the world shifted from the industrial revolution to the information age.

As such, mechantronics refers to the principle that combines the use of mechanical and electrical means, and it has taken over the majority of industrial electronics, which is essential in modern technology.

Security, which is one of the most important considerations in any productive firm, has been declining in Nigeria. Most industries have gone bankrupt due to their inability to meet the security standards required in today’s world. Similarly, some homes and offices have suffered damage.

Important documents and properties are at risk due to criminals’ easy access. As a result, there is an urgent need for significant security measures to improve people’s living standards, boost development, and put an end to the threat of insecurity. That is the reason as a student of Computer System Engineering the project named “Intruder Detector Alarm System with direction”, was embarked on.

1.2 The Project’s General Description

This electronic system is made up of four sensors that are made up of opto couplers that are realized with a combination of laser beam from a laser diode coupled into a cadmium sulfide photocell (C.D.S photocell).

This component functions as an electronic eye, conditioning the output of optocouplers with a Schmitt trigger NAND gate control Logic (74 Ls 132) TTL chip.

The output of the 132 chips is used to trigger a single short delay, which resets an astable multi-vibrator, generating the frequency that drives the buzzer alarm. Each sensor output is fed into a BCD to decimal priority encoder, the output of which is decoded and displayed on a seven-segment display (common anode). A single transistor static switch connects the buzzer.

The entire system is designed in such a way that whenever someone attempts to enter through the back door, the electronic eyes (optocoupler) installed at the respective locations detect the presence and trigger a buzzer alarm at the cantonment’s security department, while a seven-segment display shows the exact location of the intruder.

1.3     Aim and Objectives of the Project

1. The primary goal of this project is to design and implement a microcontroller-based multipurpose security device capable of securing a military cantonment from intruder detection and location, as well as controlling access to a strong room within the cantonment.

2. Another goal of this project is to familiarize the graduating student with electronic system design and implementation using Random logic.

3. This project also aims to familiarize young engineers with engineering, technical, and scientific writing skills, which are extremely useful in their professional practice.

4. Another goal of this project is to get these graduating students acquainted with electronic system designs that have real-world applications in industrial security.

1.4    Project Significance

The project construction work is used in a variety of places, including a military cantonment to provide security against enemies, fire outbreaks, and unauthorized access into their strong room, bank strong room doors to prevent intruders, and office doors and modern buildings. This project is also for security surveillance using closed circuit television (CCTv). This type of project can also be used in JAMB and WAEC strong room doors.

1.5     Scope of the Study

This project focuses on the design and implementation of a location-based intruder detector alarm system. It covers the following topics: light dependent resistors, seven segment displays, and other passive and active design components. It also describes the method of calculating certain circuit parameters used in system design.

1.6     Project Report Organization

This project’s realization is presented in chapters for clarity. The first chapter provides a brief overview of the project. The second chapter is titled the literature review, and the third is the system design. Chapter four discusses implementation and construction methods, while Chapter five discusses testing and integration, problems encountered, recommendations, and conclusions.