Evaluation Of The Impact Of Political Socialization On Nation Building

Evaluation Of The Impact Of Political Socialization On Nation Building

Chapter One

Preface

Background of the study

Socialization is “ the process by which individualities learn the culture of their society ”( Harambos and Holborn, 20004). Culture itself is “ the summation of learned, socially transmitted customs, knowledge, material objects and geste . It includes ideas, values and vestiges of groups of people ”( Schaefer, 201053). reasoning from this description, political socialization refers to “ the process of induction into a political system ”( Marshall, 1996400). Ofoeze( 200113) appertained to political socialization inter- alia the long development process by which an child( indeed adult) citizen learns, imbibes and indeed internalizes the political culture( core political values, beliefs, morals and testament) of his political system so as to make meaning of the world around him. The recrimination of the below citation is that political socialization is a process by which political ideas of any given society are internalized and transmitted from one generation to the other. In other words, political socialization is the vehicle through which political culture emerges. ultramodern use of the conception “ political culture ” is traceable to the work of Gabriel Almond and Sidney Verba( 1963) named “ The Civic Culture ”. The study represented a classic relative analysis of political station. The substance was to demonstrate how artistic development and political development move in tandem( Marshall 1996). Political Culture, according to Marshall, refers to” the morals, values and symbols that help to legitimize the political power system of a society”( Marshall, 1996398). McLean and McMillan( 2009400) defined political culture as The stations, beliefs and values, which bolster the operation of a particular political system. These were seen as including knowledge and skill about the operation of the political system, positive and negative passions towards it, and evaluative judgments about the system. Political culture in the words of Rosenbaun(Cf. Ofoeze, 2001) is defined in two ways, videlicet, at the situations of individual citizens and at the political system as a whole. On the individual position, political culture is defined as” all the important ways in which a person is subjectively acquainted towards the essential rudiments of the political system”. On the political system as a whole, political culture is appertained to as” the collaborative exposure of a person towards the introductory rudiments of their political system”(Cf. Ofoeze, 200116 – 17). The below European Scientific Journal April 2013 editionvol. 9,No. 11 ISSN 1857 – 7881( publish)e-ISSN1857-7431239 delineations emphasized the significance of exposure of members of society towards introductory and essential rudiments of the political system. therefore, positive exposures that induce morals, values, beliefs and stations that are probative of the political power system is introductory to political culture. In other words, effective political socialization types enduring political culture. In the view of Almond and Bingham( in Ofoeze, 2001), Political socialization performs the following functions • Shapes and transmits a nation’s political culture. • Maintains society’s political culture from one generation to the other. • Has the capacity to transfigure the population or part of it, to view and witness politics in different confines. • Rapid changes or extraordinary events have the capacity of generating political culture indeed where none was( through artistic prolixity). The political socialization process simply entails the inculcation of Members of society’s political culture and the transmission of similar from one generation to thenext.Thus, individualities, groups or institutions that affect people’s tone- generalities, stations, actions or other exposures are appertained to as agents of socialization. Political parties are the major agents of political socialization in ultramodern popular governance. The political party is defined as an systematized group of citizens of a state with analogous views, ideas and testament which they consider to be abecedarian to the political system and good governance. The main purpose of a political party is to dispute optional political services with a view to forming a government. Political parties, piecemeal from carrying on the task of political socialization, also perform the functions of • Interest articulation • Interest aggregation • structure political culture • Political education • Political leadership reclamation etc European Scientific Journal April 2013 editionvol. 9,No. 11 ISSN 1857 – 7881( publish)e-ISSN1857-7431240 According to Ofoeze( 2001), political parties play the part of interest articulation by relating and opting from a plethora of and constantly antitheticaloptions.en disagreeing and confused mass of problems, opinions, ideas, and interests supposed more burning, critical, and critical, assaying them, allowing and fashioning results, and presenting them to the people for consideration in the form of policy optionsPolitical parties perform interest aggregation through the filtering of divergent views and opinions of the people and articulating them in such a manner that they can be presented for consideration as public policy. Another important function of political parties is the use of political socialization and education to make an enduring political culture. In Western advanced republic, political parties encourage positive exposures that induce morals, values, beliefs and stations that are probative of the political power system. Another pivotal function of the political parties according to Ofoeze( 200125) involves the identification, webbing, selection and discovery of those citizens enjoying the applicable leadership capacities and who also are refocused into formal political governmental positions to exercise general political or governmental leadership. These and other functions of the political parties in normal situations, help to produce a stable and continuing political system. In Nigerian society, as is the case with utmost African societies, political socialization is yet to reflect what’s accessible in Western advanced liberal republic as illustrated by the United States of America( USA) or Britain. This is against the background ofpolitics.Socialization by political parties has not encouraged public support for introductory political structures, institutions and symbols of the political systems. It has also been argued that an applicable political culture( stations, beliefs, valuesetc.) probative of Nigeria’s political power system is yet to be evolved. Some have also argued that political parties in Nigerian society have” manifestos” that aren’t philosophically and ideologically acclimatized. This miracle has redounded in a lack of sense of direction. Accordingly, these marvels are believed to be responsible for the problem of” Nation Building in Nigeria” Nation- structure is the process whereby a society of people with different origins, histories, languages, societies and persuasions come together within the boundaries of a autonomous state with a unified indigenous and legal division a public public education system, an intertwined public frugality, participated symbols and values, as equals, to work towards eradicating the divisions and shafts of the history; to foster concinnity; and promote a countrywide conscious sense of being proudly Nigerian, married to the country and open to the mainland and the entire world. Nation- structure is a normative conception that means different effects to different people. The rearmost conceptualization is basically that nation- structure programs are those in which dysfunctional or unstable or” failed countries” or husbandry are given backing in the development of governmental structure, civil society, disagreement resolution mechanisms, as well as profitable backing, in order to increase stability. Nation- erecting generally assumes that someone or commodity is doing the structure designedly. But it’s important to look at the elaboration of propositions of nation- structure and at the other generalities which it has both supplanted and included. numerous people believe that nation- structure is evolutionary rather than revolutionary, that’s takes a long time and is a social process that can not be jump- started from outdoors. The elaboration of the Italian megacity- countries into a nation, the German megacity- countries into the Zollverein customs union and latterly a nation, the multiple languages and artistic groups in France into the nation of France, the development of China from the warring fiefdoms, took a veritably long time, and were the result, not only of political leadership, but of changes in technology and profitable processes( the agrarian and also artificial revolutions), as well as communication, culture and civil society, and numerous other factors.

Statement of exploration problem

Nation- structure is the process whereby a society of people with different origins, histories, languages, societies and persuasions come together within the boundaries of a autonomous state with a unified indigenous and legal division with the emergence of several political parties, political socialization has taken further form as there are lots of people with like mind who have been politically mingled on nation structure. still, several factors have contributed to why a lot of citizen aren’t socially inclined as to nation structure. Which are Severance and the dissatisfaction of the electorate with the job openings available to them. Plus, a dangerous and poisonous political terrain that frequently results in violence which can scarify citizens from sharing in political action. corruption and mismanagement of government coffers

thus, the exploration seeks to address the question; evaluation of the impact of socialization on nation structure.

Objects Of The Study

The primary ideal of this study is to

1. To find out if political socialization has influence on political participation.

2. To find out if good governance influences nation structure or political participation.

3. To find out if political participation can lead to nation erecting

4. To find out how to ameliorate political socialization

Exploration Questions

1. Does political socialization have influence on political participation?

2. What’s the impact of good governance on nation structure?

3. How has political participation led to nation structure?

4. How can political socialization be bettered on?

Significance of the study

The significance of this study can not be undervalued as

l This study will lay emphasis on general major knowledge of the emergence of political parties and the impact of political socialization on nation erecting

l The findings of this exploration work will really give the important demanded information to governmen associations, political parties, and academia.

Compass Of The Study

This study intends to estimate the impact of political socialization on nation structure. Hence, Nigeria will be used as a case study.

Limitations of the study

This study was constrained by a number of factors which are as follows

just like any other exploration, ranging from attainability of demanded accurate accoutrements on the content under study, incapability to get data

Financial constraint, was faced by the experimenter, in getting applicable accoutrements and in printing and collation of questionnaires

Time factor time factor disguise another constraint since having to shuttle between jotting of the exploration and also engaging in other academic work making it uneasy for the experimenter

Functional Description Of Terms

Impact this is the action of one object coming forcefully into contact with another

Socialization this is the process of literacy to bear in a way that’s respectable to society

Nation- erecting this is the structuring of a public identity using the power of the state.