THE STUDY ON NUMBER OF CHILDREN BEING IMMUNIZED AGAINST MEASLES
Abstract
This study used percentage, multiple bar-chart, and time series analysis to determine the years with the highest and lowest number of children immunized against measles in Kogi State between 2004 and 2009. (least square and moving average) The study’s sample consists of the state’s six-year immunization program. The secondary data collected will be represented in a table chart, percentage, and analyzed using the semi-average, least square, and moving average methods.
CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND AND PROBLEM STATEMENT
To achieve health for all, it is critical to make an effort to address disease burdens and other health issues that significantly contribute to Nigeria’s poor health status. Based on this, urgent and appropriate health interventions capable of achieving this primary goal are required. The policy’s main goal is to develop and promote immunization programs aimed at lowering childhood morbidity and mortality through adequate immunization coverage of all at-risk populations.
In light of this, we must provide a framework and guidelines for the proper implementation of an immunization schedule for the target and at-risk populations.
To develop comprehensive guidelines to ensure compliance with detection, control, and prevention plans.
Vaccine-preventable diseases must be eradicated (VPDS).
The primary goal of the national immunization program (NPI) is to protect children and adults alike from vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD).
Diphtheria, Pertussis (Whooping Cough), Poliomyelitis, Tuberculosis, Teltanus, Hepatitis, Measles, Yellow Fever, and Cerebrospinal Meningitis are among the illnesses.
The National Programme on Immunization (NPI) is a Federal Government of Nigeria policy that aims to provide free immunization services and potent vaccine to all populations at risk of vaccine-preventable diseases.
1.2 ACTIVITIES OF THE NATURAL PROGRAMME ON IMMUNIZATION (NPI) IN KOGI STATE
In immunization activities, two broad strategies are used. These are listed below.
Immunization on a regular basis
Immunization boosters
IMMUNIZATION SERVICES ON A REGULAR BASIS: These are both public and private services provided in health facilities and at outreaches.
SUPPLEMENTAL IMMUNIZATION ACTIVITIES: Are provided as a back-up strategy to increase coverage of a specific citizen. These are the C.S.M. Campaign, the Measles Campaign, the Polio Eradication Campaign, the NID, SNIDs, and LIDs Campaign, and the Maltiple Citizen Administration Campaign.
The required operational requirements include the following in order to achieve a high and adequate reduction or elimination of the (VPD).
ACTIVE DISEASE SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM: This system compresses active case search incident and disease occurrence.
COLD CHAIN: A cold chain system is maintained from the state to the LGA to the health facility to the recipient as part of immunization activities. The cold chain equipment status is as follows.
SOCIAL MOBILIZATION: The NPI has a social mobilization committee at the state level as well as in each of the 21 LGAs.
The committee members plan and carry out various projects.
mobilization activities and the airing of jingles and announcements on radio and television, town announcement, Radio and television, town announcement holding meetings with religious and traditional leaders.
AT THE STATE LEVEL, INNOVATION
The appointment of NPI desk officers in each LGA is critical. Officers from the state NPI office are present. They will be in charge of training and supervising routine immunization services. The desk officers will assist in the collection and analysis of data at the LGA level.
Each LGA will appoint focal officers for routine immunization at the ward level. There are plans in place to train officers to improve their performance on the job.
Vaccination activities will be modified. This program encourages individuals and corporations to contribute to TI activities.
in their ward or settlement of residence.
Items such as fuel, motorcycles, and refrigerators, as well as cash, will be required to notify of assistance.
NPI PROGRAMME FUNDING
WHO, UNICEF, USAID, PTF, EU, Prime, Rotary International, and NGOs collaborate to provide assistance for the implementation of NPI activities in various forms. Their funding is primarily provided by NPI Headquarters in Abuja.
STRENGTH:
High political commitment at the state level, as well as in some LGAs
Maintenance and availability of cold chain equipment at the state and a few local governments
NPI and other partners donated two vehicles to the state.
IMPORTANT LIMITATIONS
Inadequate monthly funding for NPI activities at the state and LGA levels, including collection and distribution.
Insufficient cold chain refrigerators, fressers
NPI vehicles are broken down as a result of poor usage and maintenance.
There is no backup generator set up for the cold room.
Some LGAs are unable to collect and store RI vaccine.
1.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
To ascertain the proportion of children immunized in Kogi State.
Using multiple bar charts, compare the number of children immunized in Kogi State.
To ascertain the trend in the level of measles immunization in Kogi State.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
This study will help policymakers and increase knowledge.
In Kogi State, routine immunization is mandatory. It will also be useful in assessing the effectiveness of existing population policies and programs aimed at increasing immunization rates.
1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF STUDY
Due to convenience and financial constraints on the part of the researcher, this research work is limited to the outbreak of communicable disease (Measles) in Kogi State, taking into account the 21 Local Areas.
This constraint and limitation should be considered because the data will be used to make generalizations about the general population.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
IMMUNIZATION:- Is the process of introducing a specific antigen into the body in order to fight a specific disease, such as Bacteria or Measles.
MEASLES:- Is a highly contagious virus-borne illness (paramyxo virus).
VACCINES: Antigens that are used to prevent specific communicable diseases.