Production Of Protease By Aspergillus Flavus In Solid State Fermentation

Production Of Protease By Aspergillus Flavus In Solid State Fermentation

Abstract

The study for the product of protease from Aspergillus flavus using wheat bran as substrate under Solid State Fermentation was conducted in University of Abuja, Department of Microbiology. Aspergillus flavus was insulated from putrid chuck and was linked on the base of the morphological assessment similar as macroscopic and microscopy. Among the characteristics used includes social characteristics similar face appearance, texture and colour of the colonies. The protease exertion increased with increase in the turmoil ages. The amounts of the protease enzyme produced by the Aspergillus flavus in the rudimentary medium were measured using UV- Spectrophotometer and the result is shown in Table 5. The protease exertion was set up to be advanced at day 7 than day 5 and 3 with4.51 ±10.06 proteaase Unit/ mL,8.63 ±0.12 U/ mL and18.93 ±1.20 AU/ mL independently. the extracellular protease produced by Aspergillus flavus insulated from putrid chuck in Gwagwalada weren’t significantly different at P = 0.05 position of significance. The study demonstrated thatAspergillus flavus wasable to produce extracellular protease enzymes important in the corruption of protein accoutrements .

Chapter One

Preface

Background of the study

Protease constitutes a large and complex group of enzymes that plays an important nutritive and nonsupervisory part in nature. Proteases are( physiologically) necessary for living organisms; they’re ubiquitous and set up in a wide diversity of sources. Protease is the most important artificial enzyme of interest account for about 60 of the total enzyme request in the world and account for roughly 40 of the total worldwide enzyme trade( Godfrey and West, 1996; Chouyyok etal., 2005). They’re generally used in cleansers( Barindra etal., 2006), food diligence, leather, meat processing, rubbish timber, tableware recovery from photographic film, product of digestive and certain medical treatments of inflammation and malign injuries( Rao etal., 1998; Paranthaman etal., 2009). They also have medical and pharmaceutical operations.

Microbial proteases are degradative enzymes which beget the total hydrolysis of proteins( Raju etal., 1994; Haq etal., 2006). The molecular weight of proteases ranges from 18 – 90 kDa( Sidney and Lester, 1972). These enzymes are set up in a wide diversity of sources similar as shops, creatures and microorganisms but they’re substantially produced by bacteria and fungi. Microbial proteases are generally extracellular and can be buried in the turmoil medium.

In the product of protease, it has been shown to be inducible and was affected by the nature of the substrate used in turmoil. thus, the choice of an applicable converting substrate is of great significance. Different carbon sources similar as wheat bran, rice straw, rice bran, cotton and bagasse have been studied for the induction and biosynthesis of protease. still, wheat bran is a superior carbon source for the product of protease by Aspergillus flavus. So the farther studies were carried out by using wheat bran as carbon source.

The use ofagro-industrial remainders as the base for civilization media is a matter of great interest, aiming to drop the costs of enzyme product and meeting the increase in mindfulness on energy conservation and recycling( Singh etal., 2009). Major impediments to the exploitation of marketable enzymes are their yield, stability, particularity and the cost of product. New enzymes for use in marketable operations with desirable biochemical and physiochemical characteristics and low product cost have been focus of important exploration( Kabli, 2007). Solid state turmoil( SSF) was chosen for the present exploration because it has been reported to be of further grated productivity than that of submerged turmoil( Ghildyal etal., 1985; Hesseltine, 1972). Economically, SSF offers numerous advantages including superior volumetric productivity, use of simpler ministry, use of affordable substrates, simpler downstream processing, and lower energy conditions when compared with submerged turmoil( Paranthaman etal., 2009).

Aim of the study

The end of this study was to produce protease from Aspergillus flavus using wheat bran as a substrate under Solid State Fermentation.

Objects Of The Study

The objects of the study include

· To insulate Aspergillus flavus from putrid chuck in Gwagwalada.

· To determine the frequentness of circumstance of the insulated Aspergillus flavus from putrid chuck using simple probabilities.

· To determinethe proteolytic eventuality of the insulated fungi using rudimentary medium.

· To determine the volume of the protease enzyme produced by the insulated fungi using spectrophotometer.