Production Problem And Prospect Of Rearing Poultry
Abstract
The community and people of Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area, particularly in Idogbo, the seat of the local government, have benefited greatly from poultry production. However, this study looked at both the possibilities and the issues, and it ultimately came to the conclusion that the outbreak of various diseases, a lack of resources, and the rising cost of poultry feed all work together to impede the development of poultry production in Idogbo, the administrative center of the Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area.
The attitudes of young people about farming in the area were also found. However, from the study’s findings, this research has supplied helpful ideas and remedies.
First Chapter Introduction
1.1 Background information for the study
All domestic birds maintained by humans for the purpose of producing eggs, meat, and other goods and services for human use are collectively referred to as poultry. Ducks, turkeys, guinea hens, and geese are examples of domestic birds. Poultry products have been discovered to have the greatest protein concentration of roughly 20.5% in comparison to other protein-rich foods (derived from other animals), and they also have the quickest production cycles of any animal.
All of the activities involved in raising livestock from conception to maturity are included in the production cycle. Williamson and Payne (1978), for instance, stated that it takes 25 days for broilers, 48 days for piglets, 250 days for caves, and 170 days for sheep to attain a ten-fold rise in the body weight in respect to weight at chick.
But unlike poultry, where more production units can be produced from a given location than the farmer, raising pigs, cattle, and goats takes more intensive care. In this work, more emphasis will be placed specifically on domestic poultry, which are the main birds for commercial and nutritional importance in Ikpoba Okha Local Government of Edo State. These advantages may be the reason for a higher turnover in poultry production at reasonably short intervals of time. Ikpoba Okha has a long history of practicing poultry farming. The traditional motivation can range from a hobby to the consumption of poultry and eggs. In addition to the significant functions that poultry play in the traditional workshop of chores in many states, some communities give their neighbors poultry as a present to show their appreciation for a good act and as a sign of solidarity.
Without the application of contemporary scientific techniques, traditional poultry husbandry is often subsistence in outlook. As a result of this system’s poor care, the birds exhibit slow development rates, inadequate feed usage, and low productivity. A high death rate is also a risk for the birds due to illnesses, pests, and unfavorable weather.
Despite the widespread use of commercial poultry farming, small-scale and subsistence operations are still common, especially in rural areas. Although there are several commercially oriented poultry units around the state, each using a different modern scientific approach to production, the output of chicken is still insufficient, and the costs are out of reach for the average person.
Therefore, this essay will concentrate on the challenges and future of chicken farming in Edo state’s Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area.
A statement of the issue is provided in 1.2
In Nigeria, the poultry farming industry is concentrated in the hands of a few number of people in part due to complicated issues including finances and climatic conditions, as well as issues with chicken processing and storage facilities.
Due to illiteracy in the keeping of records, chicken output had declined in the Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area. Therefore, keeping records enables the farmer to assess the farm’s tendency to regress. Additionally, it aids in the planning, programming, and creation of future projects for the poultry business. The majority of farmers are unable to maintain records due to illiteracy, lack of expertise, or other factors. As a result, due to a lack of information, the majority of extension officers are unable to assist customers in solving their issues.
1.3 Objective Of The Study
This study’s goal is to analyze the issues facing poultry farmers in the Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area and offer solutions.
1.4 Statement Of The Hypothesis
To achieve a high quality of production with the intention of producing animal products for the constantly expanding population is the ultimate goal of the government or individuals involved in poultry production today.
Several issues and limitations have been noted in the quest to produce enough poultry products, including meat and eggs. Among these issues include money, poor-quality food, health issues, and substandard housing.
1.5 Analysis Of The Study
The Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area in Edo state will be the center of this study project. The knowledge gained here is tightly limited to the Ikpoba Okha Local Government Area, but it may be extrapolated to other regions of the state with comparable issues and opportunities for raising poultry. The local government area would also be attempted to be covered to the greatest extent practicable.
1.6 The Importance Of The Study
It is envisaged that the advice based on the study’s findings will be extremely helpful to poultry producers, chicken product consumers, and the student researchers.
It is hoped that this study will help novice poultry producers recognize them and give them the fundamental knowledge they need to properly raise and manage chickens. An rise in chicken products will help customers meet their needs for eggs and poultry meat.
It is anticipated that the research findings will both assist students in their future academic endeavors and provide information to students planning to do research on a related topic.
Definition of terms, section 1.7
1. Poultry refers to all domesticated birds, including chicks, ducks, turkeys, guinea hens, and others.
2. Broiler: These are hens kept solely for their meat.
3. Layers: Hens raised just to produce eggs are referred to as layers.
4. Battery cage system: This method of chicken husbandry confines the birds to a specifically constructed home.
5. Deep litter system: In this system, the birds are housed in a long-term structure.
6. Free-range system: In this setup, the birds are permitted to forage for food on the range without any restrictions.
7. Hatchery: In this area of poultry, artificial incubation is mostly used to create day-old chicks.
8. A veterinarian is a doctor who specializes in treating diseases that affect both domestic and wild animals.
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