Sustainable Management Of The Shark Resources Of Atlantic Ocean: Socioeconomic And Biological Characteristics Of The Fishery

Sustainable Management Of The Shark Resources Of Atlantic Ocean: Socioeconomic And Biological Characteristics Of The Fishery

Chapter One

Preface

Background To The Study

Not only are harpies among the ocean’s top bloodsuckers and vital to the natural balance of marine ecosystems, they’re also a precious recreational species and food source( Scott & Scott, 1988). To help cover these important marine species, the numerous countries especially the advanced countries has some of the strongest wolf operation measures worldwide( DFO, 2000). There are a variety of coffers related to harpies and their operation throughout the Atlantic Ocean. There are several wolf species set up in the Atlantic ocean.

According to Boyle et al( 1998), the blue wolf is the most common and commercially precious of these species, still other species similar as the Mako, Greenland, Basking, and Porbeagle harpies, have been assessed for their marketable significance in recent times. The blue wolf( Pronace glauca) is a large pelagic species with a long slender body, narrow head, five- gill gashes, large eyes, a pointed conk , and long scythe- suchlike pectoral fins. It has an elongated, sickle shaped caudal fin( tail), which enables it to be a important and fast swoon. This species has a characteristic blue colour on the upper face shadowing to a pure white on its tummy. The blue wolf is one of the fastest growing species of wolf, ranging in size from1.8 to3.8 m and importing 29 to 55 kg. The life span of blue harpies is unknown but it’s estimated that they can reach a maximum age of 20 times. Pronace. glauca is set up in both inshore and coastal waters in the Atlantic Ocean, as well as touching swell, roughly 500 N to 500 S. The blue wolf is the most extensively distributed of all wolf species. The blue wolf prefers near face temperate water, ranging from 13 to 180C, but can tolerate from 7 to 270C. The blue wolf is an opportunistic confluent but prefers feeding on small pelagic training fish similar as herring, mackerel, sardine and anchovy. The only natural bloodsuckers of the blue wolf are other larger wolf species( Boyle et al, 1998). harpies have been exploited in the Atlantic ocean since the early 1960s, still the maturity of wolf levees for Atlantic ocean have been by- catch in established fisheries similar as longline swordfish and other groundfish fixed gear fisheries. Closure and reductions in numerous of the traditional groundfish fisheries has redounded in further fishermen interested in developing a target fishery for pelagic wolf species, particularly for porbeagle, short- fin mako, and the blue wolf and to a lower extent the basking and Greenland harpies( Campana et al, 2001).

Total levees of wolf for Atlantic ocean equaled 44 metric tones( mt) from 1995 to 2002, with 1998 recording the loftiest value. Prior to a formal wolf fishery in Atlantic ocean, it was allowed wolf coffers of the region were underutilized. wolf species are fairly slow growing, long- living organisms with low reproductive rates, making them largely susceptible toover-harvesting. thus, multitudinous wolf fisheries throughout the world have collapsed after a short period of exploitation. Prior to 1994, access to wolf coffers in Atlantic ocean wasn’t confined and no formal operation measures was. In 1995, an interim operation plan was introduced and by 1997, amulti-year operation was initiated( 1997- 1999) and streamlined in 2000- 2001. Under these new fishery regulations only vessels over 65 bases are allowed to share, harvesting gear is limited to handline, longline or rod and roll, no by- catch of tunas or swordfish are allowed and all wharf are covered by applicable fisheries authorities( Campana et al, 2001).

Landed wolf must be handled precisely and snappily in order to save product quality. incontinently after prisoner, the wolf must be bled by cutting off the head and tail portion, also eviscerated, washed, and packed in ice and slush result( Subasinghe, 1992). When duly handled and iced, wolf will remain fresh for 7 to 10 days. There are several products made from wolf including oil painting, whole dressed wolf, fresh or frozen steak, leather tanning products and colorful types of drug; still the most precious product is wolf fins, which are one of the most precious fish products in the world( DFO, 2000).

Statement Of The Problem

For a sustainable operation, unborn development of the wolf coffers and fishery in the Atlantic ocean will bear further exploration into species distribution and biology to determine cornucopia and develop operation measures for sustainable crop. In addition, the assiduity requires processors interested in copping and recycling whole wolf, a harmonious force of top quality wolf meat, and lesser marketing trouble directed at consumer specification and chancing new requests niches.

Objects Of The Study

The following are the objects of this study

1. To examine the operation processes of wolf coffers of the Atlantis Ocean.

2. To examine the socio- profitable significance of harpies of the Atlantic Ocean.

3. To examine the natural characteristics of harpies of the Atlantic Ocean.

Exploration Questions

1. What are the operation processes of wolf coffers of the Atlantis Ocean?

2. What’s the socio- profitable significance of harpies of the Atlantic Ocean?

3. What are the natural characteristics of harpies of the Atlantic Ocean?

Significance Of The Study

The following are the significance of this study

1. Findings from this study will expose the operation structure in place for the wolf coffers in the Atlantic Ocean. It’ll also reveal the socioeconomic significance and natural characteristics of harpies in the Atlantic Ocean.

2. This exploration will be a donation to the body of literature in the area of the effect of personality particularity on pupil’s academic performance, thereby constituting the empirical literature for unborn exploration in the subject area

Compass/ Limitations Of The Study

This study will cover the operation of wolf coffers in the Atlantic Ocean. It’ll also cover the natural characteristics and the socioeconomic significance of harpies of the Atlantic Ocean.

Limitation Of Study

Financial constraint-inadequate fund tends to stymie the effectiveness of the experimenter in sourcing for the applicable accoutrements , literature or information and in the process of data collection( internet, questionnaire and interview).

Time constraint- The experimenter will contemporaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This accordingly will cut down on the time devoted for the exploration work.

References

Boyle,R.N.,G.M. Fowler,P.C.F. Hurley,W. Joyce, andM.A. Showell.( 1998). Update on the Status of NAFO SA 3- 6 Porbeagle Shark( Lamna nasua). Canadian Stock Assessment Secretariat Research Document98/41.

Campana,S.,L. Marks,W. Joyce andS. Harley.( 2001). Analytical Assessment of the Porbeagle Shark( Lamna nasus) Populations in the Northwest Atlantic, with Estimates of Long- term Sustainable Yield. Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat Research Document2001/067.

DFO.( 2000). Canadian Atlantic Pelagic Shark Integrated Management Plan 2000- 2001. Department of Fisheries and abysses( DFO).

Scott,W.B, andM.G. Scott.( 1988). Atlantic Fishes of Canada. Can. Bull. Fish. Aquat.Sci., 219 731p.

Subasinghe,S.( 1992). Shark Fin, Sea Cucumber and Jellyfish A Processors Guide. Infofish. Specialized text# 6.