The Effects Of Retrenchment On The Morale Of Workers: A Study Of Enugu State Civil Services.

The Effects Of Retrenchment On The Morale Of Workers: A Study Of Enugu State Civil Services.

Chapter One

Preface

Background Of The Study

A change in government can initiate and bring in political that might prompt the frugality and standard of living of any state or nation. This can lead to reorganization, reform and restructuring within the categories of the government. It isn’t uncommon for job loss to affect, and in some cases may produce an avenue for the government to move forward and thrive. A range of factors may beget loss of employment from strict politics, reform, and technological change to privatization, and to total relegation, retrenchment or advancement.

No single terse description or widely used language live to classify similar job losses. Terms used can include; Retrenchment, Redundancy, advancement, denting or lay- off. The term “ retrenchment ”, which covers a wide range of redundancy that don’t relates to the conduct or capability of the workers and include;

Job losses arising from reduction in staffing conditions due to inefficiency earnings or demand for the services

Job losses arising from denting in operation or restructuring of the pool following for illustration, privatization.

Retrenchment is a government- initiated policy,ministry-wise to cut down the number of workers and latterly, reduce costs incurred( Hansen and Twaddle, 200278). This policy is what the also Enugu State Governor in 1999 enforced in the Civil Service as a reform programs by releasing further than 4,500 civil retainers in the state, but it created problems as low payment pay, no provocation, no benefits ands allowances in time, poor operation, nut rather the government sees it as dysfunctional and high number of shy labor force redundancy, poor public service station and massive regulatory red type.

In 1988, the also President and Commander- in- Chief of the Armed Forces of Nigeria, General Ibriahim Badomasi Babagida carried our some abecedarian change in the Civil Service, which is the major structural Civil service Reform in the country. This Civil Service Reform had specific objects, which included to ameliorate the general services delivery to the government and public, ameliorate fiscal viability in the short and medium term, strengthen capacity and reverse the progressive decline in public service effectiveness and effectiveness( Vanguard, 198821). In stir to attain these ideal, some association set several strategies in stir, similar as advancement/ retrenchment or downsizing. The main expostulation of this retrenchment was to reduce the size of the workers and thereby cut down the packet costs. This supposes to be in expectation to ameliorate hires and allowance, adding provocation and morale of workers, and ameliorate quality of work life and performance of workers.

Statement Of The Problem

The patient profitable depression in the world which decreasingly bewildering Nigeria for some times now has impelled citizens, diligence, banks and other business coevals, big and small to take expansive far reaching measures in the struggle for survival by cutting costs. The Nigerian civil service( Federal, State and Unified Local Government Service) forms the ministry through which the government carries its base objects. In agreement with the Civil Service General Order(G.O.), rules and regulations( 197817) guiding it in the pursuit of its thing and ideal are principally applied to sustain durability of actuality, permanence, professionalism and equity. The Civil Service is one of the means through which Government in power tries to licit itself and command constancy from the society. It’s also a channel through which the Government fulfills its budget pledges, programs and proffers to its citizens. thus the society sees the civil service as a nonstop and necessary ministry of Government and as similar demands from it. As the society grows, so also the burden of Government and in turn the civil service but unfortunately, the consecutive retrenchment exercises in the country especially in the public service and banking diligence poses profitable and social pitfalls. According to( Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary, 2000; 1001), retrenchment is the act of cutting down charges, live more cheaply, to reduce quantum of, dock charges in order to pinch. It could also be seen as the act of terminating the services of workers; when the job ceases to live; generally as a result of technological, political or profitable changes. Retrenchment, which is, a recent miracle in the Nigerian Civil Service started in 1970s by the Military Head of State as a result of recession after the civil war. According to( Adebayo, 199932), there was services in which, though the intention was estimable, the prosecution left important to be asked , the active retainers were thrown out with the inactive bones , an unfortunate situation, numerous lost their jobs. This could be seen in an tract, “ Agony of Retrenchment ”( Agbese, 200111), where some public retainers were laid off.

similar exercise is carried out in Enugu State Civil Service where further than 4,500 workers were disentangled, in utmost of this cases of retrenchment, the major reasons given are

Low productivity

ii. Due time of services( retiring age of 60 and 35 times of service)

iii. Inefficiency

iv. Redundancy

Gross Misconduct( fraud, disloyalty, deceitfulness, etc)

vi. Corruption and embezzlement

vii. Poor health condition

viii. Over staffing and absenteeism

ix. Misappropriation

race and red tapism.

The ideal of this exploration work is to find out if the below claimed reasons for retrenchment of civil retainers were the genuine and true reasons for the exercise or not, or a combination of them. The work will also be interested in chancing out the goods of this exercise on the morale and perception of workers both the retrenchment and those retrained. It’ll also look into the druthers in relation to this exercise.

Objects Of The Study

Retrenchment of workers is the major cog in the wheel of profitable progress through out the nation because it causes a rapid-fire growth in the rate of severance. It reached a height during the Military period and now the politicians in their course for tone- aggrandizement, selfish interest and to enmasse wealth.

The objects of this study are

1. Assess the goods of retrenchment on morals of workers.

2. Identifies indispensable to retrenchment.

3. To find out the reasons for retrenchment of workers.

4. To ascertain ways retrenchment can be enforced.

5. Identifies the advantages and disadvantages of retrenchment.

Exploration Questions

In order to duly find out the goods of retrenchment on the morale of

Workers in Enugu State Civil Service the following questions help to guide the experimenter in the hunt

1. What are the goods of retrenchment on the morale of workers?

2. What indispensable action would have been taken favored than retrenchment?

3. What are the major reasons for the retrenchment exercise?

4. What’s the workers perception regarding retrenchment?

5. Does retrenchment show feeling of job instability to workers?

Exploration Thesis

Ho Retrenchment doesn’t show any passions of job instability to workers.

H1 Retrenchment shows passions of job instability to workers.

Ho The workers have a negative perception regarding retrenchment.

H1The workers have a positive perception regarding retrenchment.

Significance Of The Study

Government programs on retrenchment of workers are like a frenetic canine barking at the proprietor because of the adding rate of severance in the country. The government is to give for the citizens not the other way round. The motive and explanation behind this study is to produce a solid bas for the Nigerian Labor Congress( NLC) to help fight gratuitous retrenchment of workers in recent times and for the government both Federal, State and Original governments to see the need for creating employment through reclamation than affect in laying off workers and make like unsupportable for the affected and their dependants. A good reclamation exercise enhances productivity and also reduced cost and labor development rate and hand dissatisfaction( Nwachukwu, 200238).

The findings and recommendations of this exploration work will help the government, Federal and State Civil Service Commission, banks, other agencies and authorities of the nation especially developing countries to see the goods on morale of workers. The study will b significant to the Society, the general public, mortal coffers directors and business interpreters as it relates to operation of work force, workers and their dependants. Academicians and scholars especially those in the field of Public and Human coffers Management will profit from this study since it’ll serve as an fresh source of information.

Compass And Limitation Of Th Study

The compass of the study encompasses goods of retrenchment on the morale of workers on Enugu State Civil Service. Some Ministries andExtra-ministerial departments in Enugu State Civil Service Secretariat were named for the study especially those substantially effected in the exercise, as follows

State Ministry of Works and Transport

State Ministry of Agriculture and Natural coffers

State Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Technology

State Ministry of Lands and Housing

State Civil Service Commission

Office of the Head of State Civil Service Commission

Stat Ministry of Justice

State Ministry of Finance and Economic Development

State Ministry of Information and Culture and Tourism

State Ministry of Health

The named ministries andextra-ministerial departments are a good representative of the Enugu State Civil Service. The exploration will also apply descriptive analysis of findings and this will be grounded empirically on two sources, the primary sources of questionnaire and interview administration to workers while the secondary sources of data include, making use of the National, State and academy libraries, internets, handbooks, magazines, journals, consulting sanctioned documents in services ministries ’ libraries libraries and reference workshop.

The limitation of this exploration work is constrained to many ministries andextra-ministerial departments in the State Civil Service. The major impediments that confined the compass where textbook books, journals, magazines, and other applicable accoutrements that would give or prop the experimenter with demanded information which where not available. Others include finance, which is the major set back due to the present profitable recession, time available to exploration for this work is veritably short and doesn’t give room for thorough job and understanding of workshop toward the exploration especially those affected in 1999 and had been recalled to work by the new State Government, their felling is that it might be another measure to carry out another exercise, some workers station was shocking because they saw it as a waste of time and the findings can not be enforced.

Description Of Terms Retrenchment

Retrenchment is a government initiated, ministry-wide exercise of cutting down the figures of workers aimed at cost reduction. This cutback of the workers is determined by colorful reasons and is aimed, in the long run at perfecting the quality of services delivered.( Hansen and Twaddle, 200278).

MORALE

This is the internal and emotional condition of an individual or group with respects to their functions or tasks at hand. Morale is a feeling, some what related to spirit de corps, enthusiasm( Olewe, 200115).

CIVIL SERVICE

It’s being defined by the civil service text( 197815) as a body or an organ of government, which enjoys durability of actuality.

INEFFICIENCY

This is state of being extravagant,( of person) wasting time, energy etc in their work or duties, not producing acceptable result.