African Union And Resolution Of The Post 2010-2011 Election Crisis In Cote D’ivoire.

African Union And Resolution Of The Post 2010-2011 Election Crisis In Cote D’ivoire.

Abstract

Cote d’ivoire in the west Africansub-region, lately faced political extremity that radiated from the presidential election that was conducted in October 2010, this present unique features of fortified conflicts that aroused the interest of transnational community similar as the United Nations, ECOWAS, African Union, France etc in the country’s peace process. African Union, a defunct of the Organization of African Unity( OAU) was created to handle the issue of resolving conflicts in the African mainland to maintain and promote African concinnity. The AU was suitable to set up the Peace Security Council and Wise Men Panel to oversee the conflict situation in Cote d’ivoire. This study posits that the post election extremity of2010/2011 is a milepost of the several variables that are central to conflicts situations in Africa. Using the functionalist proposition, the study interrogated the following questions whether the African Union Peace Process mechanisms in Cote d’ivoire enhance the resolution of the conflict and If there’s a link between the postelection extremity and the violation of mortal rights. Qualitative system of data collection was

employed to gather data information for the study while the system of data analysis reckoned on

descriptive analysis and this study notes that the apparent success recorded by the African Union in reducing the escalation of the conflict lies in the collaboration between the association and other concerned intercessors and the commitment of coalitions in the conflict in a way of chancing a result to the political extremity in the country.

CHAPTER ONE

. preface

African Union( AU) officially came into actuality in 2001 to replace the Organization of African concinnity( OAU). The African Union is a indigenous association for profitable and political collaboration for the mainland’s fifty- three( 53) Nations. The structure correspond of the following

– The Assembly

– The Executive Council

– The endless Representative Committee

– The Commission

– The Specialized Technical Committee

– ThePan-African Parliament

– The Court Of Justice

– The Economic Social and Cultural Council

– The fiscal institution

– The Peace and Security Council; Which have 15 members responsible for monitoring and intermediating in Conflicts using Early Warning System regarding pitfalls on the mainland According to Composition 3 of the native Act of The African Union, the association is charged with numerous liabilities among which include;

– To promote Peace, Security and stability on the mainland

– Promote popular principles and institution popular participation and good governance

– To promote and cover mortal and people rights in agreement with the African Charter on mortal and peoples right and other applicable mortal right instrument.

Also the association has some introductory principles on which form the base of their operation, Composition 4 of the native Act outlined it, among it include;

– Peaceful resolution of conflicts among member state of the union through similar applicable means as may be decided upon by the Assembly.

– The right of the union to intermediate in a member state pursuant to a decision of the Assembly in respect of grave circumstances videlicet war, crimes, genocide and crime against humanity.

– Consideration and rejection of unconstitutional changes of Government.

Africa is a mainland with high number of fortified conflicts. There’s no gain saying the egregious that since the dusk of the 21st century, Africa has been challenged by a variety of complex political, profitable, environmental and social paroxysms in degrees and intensities that’s unknown in the mainland. These challenges have launched the mainland into series of ruinousintra-state conflicts ever endured in a single mainland anywhere in the world in the last decade and a half. Eight of the fifteen

complex extremities ’’ declared by the United Nations department of Humanitarian Affairs were in Africa( Herbst, 1998; Collers and Mills, 1999). In line with the below, Galadima( 1990) took a terse view of the mainland as therefore Conflicts erupts into ethnical warfare in central Africa Zaire, Burundi and Rwanda. There was fortified insurrection in the Northern Uganda civil war in Sudan and border conflicts between Ethiopia andEriteria.Somalia has remained a revived state in malignancy of attempts to resuscitate it. In Southern Africa, Lesotho witnessed an fortified insurrection, Angola was in fermentation. In West Africa, Liberia was nearly a revived state indeed as revolutionists denuclearized Serria leone and Guinea Bissau. While Cote d’ Ivoire gests fortified rebellion, Sudan is encountering philanthropic catastrophe arising from a bitterintra-state conflict, nearly of a genocidal proportion.

African Union has made trouble to come an active player in conflict resolution of African conflicts.

A civil war was fought in Cote d’ Ivoire between 2002- 2004, this has to do with the government of the also President Laurent Gbagbo and the recusant forces Nouvelles de Cote d’Ivoire( New forces) representing Muslim Northerners who felt that they were being discerned against by the politically dominant and substantially Christian Southerners. In 2002, France transferred its colors to Cote d’ Ivoire known as the Operation Unicorn as Peacemakers, also in February 2004, the United Nations established the United Nations Operation in Cote d’ Ivoire( UNOCI) to grease the recrimination by the Ivorian parties of the peace agreement inked by them in January 2003. utmost of the fights ended by late 2004 with the country splitting between revolutionists held north and a government held south. In March 2007, the two sides inked an agreement to hold fresh choices though it ended up being delayed until 2010, five times after

Gbagbo’s term was supposed to have expired.

Alassane Ouattara was declared the victor of the 2010 Ivorian presidential election by the country’s independent Electoral Commission but the chairman of the indigenous Council- an supporter of Gbagbo declared the results invalid and blazoned Gbagbo as the winner. Both Gbagbo and Ouattara claimed palm.

The International Community’s including the United Nations, the African Union, the ECOWAS, the European Union and former social power- France, has affirmed their support for Ouattara who was nearly widely conceded to have defeated Gbagbo at the ballot box and called him to step down.

Thepost-election extremity in Cote d’ Ivoire broke out in March 2011 when the extremity escalated into a full scale military conflict between forces pious to Laurent Gbagbo, the President of the country since 2000 and sympathizers of the internationally honored President elect Alasane Ouattara. After months of unprofitable accommodations and sporadic violence between sympathizers of the two sides, the heads entered a critical stage as Ouattara’s forces seized control of utmost of the country with Gbagbo rooted in Abidjan, the country’s largest megacity.

This study thus focuses on the African Union and the resolution of thepost-election extremity of2010/2011 in Cote d’ivoire. It would besub-divided into five chapters to vividly present the data that form the body of the work.